BIO 105 - Quiz 3 Review

GMOs

100

A(n) _______ organism is one that contains genes from another species. A. hybrid B. transgenic C. diploid D. asexual E. native Answer: B

B. transgenic

200

Critics say that GMOs are dangerous because: a. pesticide- or herbicide-resistant genes may migrate to other species and create "superweeds." b. beneficial insects as well as crop pests are killed. c. they place too much power in the hands of large corporations. d. All of the above.

d. All of the above.

300

Which of the following is a TRUE statement? A. In the United States, GMOs are limited to a few corn products. B. GMOs will almost certainly be part of the solution to meeting future food demands as the global population swells. C. GMOs are cheap and therefore a popular option for developing countries. D. Since DNA is unique for each species, it is not possible to move genes from one species to another. E. In the United States, less than 1% of processed foods contain GMOs.

B. GMOs will almost certainly be part of the solution to meeting future food demands as the global population swells.

400

Which of the following is an INCORRECT statement regarding GMOs? A. GMOs are patented by a few corporations and are generally expensive. B. Certain countries have banned GMOs. C. Some people are concerned about health impacts and environmental consequences that could be associated with GMOs. D. GMOs have been exhaustively shown to not pose a threat to living organisms, including humans. E. All of these answers are true statements about GMOs.

D. GMOs have been exhaustively shown to not pose a threat to living organisms, including humans.

Cows

100

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding cattle? A. Cattle are adapted to digest corn. B. Cattle gain weight faster when movement is restricted. C. Antibiotics fed to cattle are not passed to consumers in the meat. D. E. coli strain O157:H7 does not make cattle sick. E. None of these answers is correct.

A. Cattle are adapted to digest corn.

200

Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFOs) _________ the risk of meat contamination with E. coli because ___________________. A. decrease; animals lack antibiotics in their feed B. increase; animals tend to be covered in fecal matter when kept at high densities C. decrease; a comprehensive database allows for immediate tracing back to the producer where the infection originated D. increase; animals are exposed to higher levels of methane gas E. increase; they require more grazing land per animal

B. increase; animals tend to be covered in fecal matter when kept at high densities

300

Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFOs): A. allow more beef to be produced with fewer animals. B. require less grazing land per animal. C. reduce the need for antibiotic application. D. A, B, and C are correct. E. Only choices A and B are correct.

E. Only choices A and B are correct.

400

. How much of the corn produced in the United States is used as animal feed? A. 15% B. 25% C. 55% D. 60% E. 75%

E. 75%

500

If you pick up a package at the grocery store and it says “grass-fed beef,” what does that mean? A. The cows in the CAFOs were fed grass instead of grain. B. The cows have adapted, through several generations at the same farm, to digest grass instead of grain. C. The cows are allowed to roam free and graze on pasture lands. D. The cows eat grass and quickly gain weight, making the meat very tender. E. Since they are grass-fed, the cows have also been given high amounts of antibiotics.

C. The cows are allowed to roam free and graze on pasture lands.

Raising Crops

100

. According to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization, the world produces enough food to feed everyone more than _________ calories a day. A. 500 B. 1,800 C. 2,000 D. 2,800 E. There is still not enough food to feed everyone.

D. 2,800

200

Which of the following farming techniques is considered non-GMO and non-industrial? A. Bt corn B. Zaï pit C. high-yield varieties D. irrigation systems E. synthetic fertilizer

B. Zaï pit - low tech farming methods

300

Which of the following choices was NOT introduced with the Green Revolution? A. chemical pesticides B. sophisticated irrigation systems C. synthetic nitrogen fertilizer D. high-yield variety crops E. organic farming techniques

E. organic farming techniques

400

Which scenario would be found in a population that is food secure? A. The only local food source is many miles away. B. Regardless of income, members of the community have access to high-quality food. C. The highest quality and quantity of food is given to those in positions of power. D. The cost of high-quality food is prohibitive to many in the community. E. The lowest grade of meat is sold only in stores in lower-income neighborhoods.

B. Regardless of income, members of the community have access to high-quality food.

500

What is the relationship between the Green Revolution and industrial agriculture? A. The Green Revolution focuses on sustainable, organic farming methods while industrial agriculture focuses on chemicals and technology. B. The Green Revolution increased food production in less developed nations while industrial agriculture increased food production in more developed nations. C. The Green Revolution focuses only on naturally available crops while industrial agriculture focuses on high-yield varieties of crops. D. The Green Revolution took practices from industrial agriculture—like pesticide use, irrigation technologies, and high-yield crops—and brought them to developing nations like China and India. E. The Green Revolution focuses on small-scale, family-owned farms while industrial agriculture focuses on multi-farm corporate companies.

D. The Green Revolution took practices from industrial agriculture—like pesticide use, irrigation technologies, and high-yield crops—and brought them to developing nations like China and India.

Sustainable Agriculture

100

What is a polyculture farm? A. a farm that rears different species of animals together B. a farm that grows different species of crops together C. a farm that has a set rotation schedule for animal feedings in particular areas and growth schedules for crops D. a farm that relies less on fertilizers and pesticides E. all of these answers

E. all of these answers

200

Sustainable agriculture is defined as a ______________________. A. plant-breeding program focused on developing high yield varieties (HYVs) of grain crops B. plant-breeding program focused on the production of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) to increase crop productivity or create new varieties of crops C. farming method in which one crop variety is planted over a large area of land with significant inputs of fertilizer, pesticides, and water D. farming method that does not use any synthetic fertilizer, pesticides, or other chemical additives E. farming method that does not deplete resources, such as soil and water, faster than they are replaced

E. farming method that does not deplete resources, such as soil and water, faster than they are replaced

300

. By 2050, an estimated 9.6 billion people will live on Earth. Which of the following would best help to ensure sustainable food security for all humans? A. a decrease in the price of fast-food restaurant burgers in developing countries B. an increase from 50% to 90% in the number of animal farms that are CAFOs C. minimizing or eliminating dairy products in the diets of most adults D. a cultural shift involving a decrease in meat consumption in favor of a more plant-based diet E. all of these answers

D. a cultural shift involving a decrease in meat consumption in favor of a more plant-based diet

400

Why are grass-fed animals considered to represent a net gain for the human food supply? A. They are raised following ethical guidelines. B. They only eat what they have naturally evolved to eat—that is, grass. C. They eat grass that humans cannot eat on land that is otherwise unsuitable for human crops. D. They are raised on pasture land that does not require pesticides and fertilizer. E. All of these answers are correct.

C. They eat grass that humans cannot eat on land that is otherwise unsuitable for human crops.

500

Sustainable farming would have less ____________ but would be more ____________. A. expense and inputs; labor intensive B. potential for causing water pollution; at risk for causing soil degradation C. genetic and species diversity; likely to have many beneficial insects D. hormone residues in the milk; than likely to have antibiotic residue in the meat E. utilization of crop rotation and cover cropping; apt to use integrated pest management and fertilizers

A. expense and inputs; labor intensive

Raising Livestock

100

___________ affects diet by increasing the demand for animal food products. A. Affluence B. A food recall C. Eating lower on the food chain D. Use of antibiotics E. Poverty

A. Affluence

200

What is a result from raising animals in CAFOs? A. loss of biodiversity B. antibiotic resistance C. habitat destruction D. air and water pollution E. all of these answers

E. all of these answers

300

In America, CAFOs have enabled all of the following EXCEPT: A. the ability to grow many thousands more food animals. B. increased availability of inexpensive meat to people of rising affluence. C. cheaper fruits and vegetables. D. increased availability of inexpensive meat to low-income individuals. E. increased accessibility of meat to all people.

C. cheaper fruits and vegetables.

400

The __________________ refers to the amount of edible food that is produced per unit of feed input. A. output per input ratio B. feed conversion ratio C. product per feed ratio D. feed footprint E. weight per time ratio

B. feed conversion ratio

500

Which of the following is a benefit of intense mechanized feedlot farming relative to traditional open-pasture farms? A. Animals receive a highly diverse food supply. B. Manure is easily harvested to be sold as fertilizer. C. The amount of land required is minimized. D. A, B, and C are correct. E. Only choices B and C are correct.

E. Only choices B and C are correct.