MOD 1: Life & the Scientific Method
What is the core theme in biology?
All living things are connected and change over time through the process of evolution
Where does genetic variation come from?
Mutations
Which four elements make up over 97% of our bodies by mass?
Oxygen, Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen
What is an isomer?
A compound that has the same molecular formula as another compound but a different structure or arrangement of atoms
What is an independent variable vs. a dependent variable?
An independent variable has an effect on the dependent variable while the dependent variable is affected by the independent variable
what is artificial selection?i
a population is bred selectively to develop particular traits
What is the difference between a covalent and an ionic bond?
Covalent bonds involve sharing electrons while Ionic bonds involve giving away electrons
What are the 4 classes of biomolecules?
Proteins, Lipids, Carbohydrates, and Nucleic acids.
What is the scientific method?
The process of finding a question, creating a hypothesis and testing that hypothesis to formulate a conclusion.
What is natural selection?
Traits naturally occur through breeding and get reproduced in order to best support survival
What is electronegativity?
A measure of how badly an atom wants to attract electrons to complete its outer valence shell
Why are lipids hydrophobic?
They are nonpolar
What is an emergent property?
Properties that aren't present in the individual components of a system, but become apparent when the components interact
How are genes expressed?
Genes get turned into proteins through copying
What is a hydrogen bond?
A weak attraction between a hydrogen atom bonded to a highly electronegative atom and another electronegative atom.
What does it mean for a protein to be denatured?
A protein's structure is disrupted, leading to a loss of function.
What are the 3 domains of life?
Domain Bacteria, Domain Archaea, and domain Eukarya.
Which part of natural selection is random? Which part of natural selection is not random?
Random= Mutation/genetic variation
Not random= Survival and reproduction based on environmental factors
What are the 5 functional groups
carbonyl group, Hydroxyl group, Carboxyl group, Amino group, Methyl group
What kind of reaction is used to break up a polymer?
Hydrolysis