Chemical Bonding
Amino Acids
Nucleic Acids
Carbohydrates
Lipids and other fun things
100
The number for each element on the periodic table that tells you how many protons and electrons each atom has.
What is the atomic number
100
The 4 functional groups in an amino acid.
What are the hydrogen, the amino group, the carboxyl group, and the R group (side chain)
100
One unit of a nucleic acid is called a nucleotide. A nucleotide is composed of these three parts.
What a base, a sugar, and a phosphate group
100
The primary biological function of a starch.
What is to store energy
100
These lipids have 3 fatty acids linked to a glycerol molecule.
What are triglycerides?
200
The relationship between atoms that both have the same number of electrons and protons but vary in their number of neutrons.
What is an isotope.
200
The names for each end of an amino acid
What are the N terminus and the C terminus
200
These two bases in DNA are called pyrimidines.
What are cytosine and thymine.
200
The type of bond that connects carbohydrate monomers
What are glycosidic linkages?
200
The type of lipids that often function as signaling molecules.
What are steroids.
300
The outermost shell of electrons in an atom.
What is the valence shell.
300
The two different protein shapes in secondary structure
What are alpha helices and beta pleated sheets.
300
A nucleotide as an OH group on the 2' carbon will be this type of nucleic acid.
What is RNA.
300
This type of carbohydrate is involved in cell identity.
What is a glycoprotein?
300
The name for the property of phospholipids that enables them to form a membrane with polar and nonpolar regions.
What is amphipathic?
400
A nitrogen atoms has 5 electrons in its valence orbital, the 2nd shell. This is the number of single bonds it can form with other atoms.
What is three.
400
The type of bonds are responsible for primary structure.
What are peptide bonds
400
An double stranded DNA molecule contains 30% Adenine. According to Chargaff's Rules, this is the percentage of Guanine it will have.
What is 20% guanine?
400
The position of the hydroxyl group can vary in carbohydrates. This is the name for the carbohydrate molecules that has the C=O group on the 2' carbon
What is a ketose?
400
What type of bond causes an unsaturation in a lipid hydrocarbon chain.
What is a C=C double bond?
500
Methane has the chemical formula CH4, and ethanol has the chemical formula CH3CH2OH. Which molecule is polar?
What is Ethanol
500
The structure of a protein determines its ________. Some these include catalysis, defense, signaling.
What is function
500
Which reaction is responsible for the formation of phosphodiester bonds?
What are condensation reactions. ATP + H2O ----> AMP + inorganic pyrophosphate + energy
500
This type of carbohydrate is a major component in the exoskeleton of insects.
What is chitin
500
The presence of this molecule can make a membrane less permeable.
What is cholesterol?
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