Nucleic Acids
A small polar molecule consisting of a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a base.
What is a nucleotide?
Two monosaccharides linked together by a glycosidic bond.
What is a disaccharide?
Biological molecules that are largely nonpolar and do not dissolve in water?
What are lipids?
Energy cannot be created or destroyed.
What is the first law of thermodynamics?
The type of transport by which O2 passes through a membrane.
What is simple diffusion?
adenine and guanine
What are purines?
(CH2O)n
What is the molecular formula of monosaccharides?
A lipid with 3 fatty acids attached to a glycerol molecule.
What is a fat?
The change in enthalpy minus the temperature multiplied by the change in entropy for a a chemical reaction.
What is the change in free energy (delta G) for a chemical reaction?
The movement of water across a membrane from low solute concentration to high solute concentration.
What is osmosis?
Type of bond between nucleotides within a single DNA strand
What is a phosphodiester bond?
Starch and Glycogen
What are storage polysaccharides?
A lipid with two fatty acids attached to a glycerol molecule with a phosphate group attached to the 3rd carbon of the glycerol molecule.
What is a phospholipid?
A protein that functions as a catalyst.
What is an enzyme?
The GLUT-1 transporter protein is this type of membrane transport.
What is facilitated diffusion?
The end of a DNA strand that has a phosphate group.
What is the 5' end of a DNA strand?
Cellulose, Peptidoglycan, and Chitin
What are structural polysaccharides?
A largely non polar 4-ringed molecule found in animal cell membranes.
What is cholesterol?
When the product of a reaction inhibits the enzyme for a reaction earlier in a metabolic pathway.
What is feedback inhibition?
The Na+/K+ ATPase is this this type of membrane transport.
What is direct active transport?
Uracil, cytosine, and thymine.
What are pyrimidines?
Beta-glycosidic bonds
What type of bond if found between glucose monomers in cellulose?
A fatty acid with no double bonds between the carbons.
What is a saturated fatty acid?
The minimum amount of energy which the reactants must possess in order for a specific reaction to take place.
What is the activation energy?
The Na+/glucose symporter is this type of membrane transport.
What is indirect/secondary active transport?