Functional Groups
Which functional group is characteristics of alcohols?
Hydroxyl (-OH)
What is the primary function of monosaccharides
Energy storage
Amino acids
What type of bond commonly links carbon atoms together?
Covalent bonds
Molecules with the same molecular formula but different structures are called:
Isomers
Which functional group is acidic and donates H+?
Carboxyl (-COOH)
What is an example of a disaccharide?
Sucrose
What is a function of proteins?
Why is carbon important in biological molecules?
It can form four covalent bonds
Cis-trans (geometric) isomers differ in:Arrangement around double bonds
Arrangement around double bonds
Which functional group acts as a base by picking up H+ ions?
Amino (-NH2)
What polysaccharide is used for energy storage in plants?
Starch
The primary structure of a protein is:
The sequence of amino acids
What is an example of a hydrocarbon?
C2H6 (ethane)
Enantiomers are:
Mirror images of each other
Which functional group is found in sulfhydryl compounds that stabilize proteins?
Which polysaccharide forms the touch cell walls of plants?
Cellulose
Secondary structure in proteins is stabilized by what?
Hydrogen bonds between backbone atoms
How many bonds can Carbon form?
4
Structural isomers differ in:
Atom arrangement
Which functional group transfers energy in ATP?
Phosphate -PO4)
Which carbohydrate contains β-linkages that most animals cannot digest?
Cellulose
Denaturation of proteins disrupts which structures?
Secondary, tertiary, and quaternary
What increases the diversity of organic molecules?
Carbon’s ability to form chains, rings, and branching structures
Which sides is cis isomers on and which are trans isomers on?
Cis = substituents on same side; Trans = opposite sides of a double bond.