Unit 1
Three differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
DNA, nucleus, mitochondria/photosynthesis complex
If an electron was gained, has that element been oxidized or reduced?
reduced
Photosynthesis equation
CO2+H2O+E --- C6H12O6+O2
Helicase function
Separates DNA at the replication fork
What phase of the cell cycle do cells spend the most time in
interphase
What is the monomer for lipids
fatty acids
Which two cell junctions are responsible for adhesion?
desmosomes and tight junctions
What is photolysis
breaking down water using light
Difference between transcription and translation
transcription - DNA to mRNA
translation - mRNA to proteins
What is the difference between the chromosomes of males and females
males - xy
females - xx
How do covalent and ionic bonds differ
covalent - share electrons
ionic - steal electrons
Name three things that change plasma membrane fluidity
length of tails, saturated v unsaturated, sterols
What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration
Which one is better
aerobic uses O2
anaerobic uses anything other than O2
aerobic is better
What enzyme attaches okazaki fragments
ligase
When in the cell cycle do centrosomes migrate to poles
prometaphase
3 parts of a nucleotide
5 carbon sugar, phosphate group, nitrogenous base
If water is leaving the cell, is the cell hypertonic or hypotonic
hypertonic
Explain substrate level phosphorylation
breaking chemical bond and using that energy to make ATP
RNA polymerase function
adds RNA nucleotides during elongation in transcription
What regulate checkpoints of interphase
cyclins
How many unpaired valence electrons does Nitrogen have
3
What is the role of the integral protein in facilitated diffusion
bind to the molecule
first step
What are the reactants for glycolysis
glucose and 2 ATP
What is a nonsense mutation
premature stop codon
If a disease is x-linked recessive, are males or females effected more
males