Evolve Already! (Chap 14)
Idea formulated by Jean-Baptiste de Lamarck stating that more complex organisms are descended from less compex organisms.
What is inheritance of acquired characteristics?
Splitting of one species into two or more or rise of new species from previous species.
What is speciation?
Composed of the stem, branches, leaves, and flowers.
What is the shoot system?
Plant horomone responsible for phototropism.
What is auxin?
Haploid structure that produces gametes in plants.
What is the gametophyte?
Plant and animal breeding aided agriculture through this process which allowed for the domestication of certain animals and plants.
What is artificial selection?
Subpopulations become separated by a geographic barrier leading to interruption in gene flow in this type of speciation.
What is allopatric speciation?
Least specialized type of ground tissue in plants.
What is parenchyma?
Tropism that results in movement as a response to touch.
What is thigmotropism?
Destiny of the ovary in angiosperms.
What is becoming a fruit?
The movement of alleles between populations.
What is gene flow?
Isolating mechanism that occurs when the genitalia between species are unsuitable for one another.
What is mechanical isolation?
Function of the stomata.
What is O2 uptake and H2O release?
The stress hormone of plants.
What is abscisic acid?
An example of which is raspberries, this fruit type is derived from several different ovaries within the same flower.
What are aggregate fruits?
Mechanism for genetic drift that prevents the majority of genotypes from participating in the next generation.
What is the bottleneck effect?
Postzygotic isolating mechanism that causes offspring to be unable to reproduce.
What is Hybrid sterility?
Functions of ethylene.
What is abscission of leaves, fruit ripening, and inhibition of axillary buds?
Process in which one species changes, and the other changes to, so that in the end, the two species are suited to and often dependent on one another.
What is coevolution?
Nonrandom mating that occurs when individuals mate with those having the same phenotype with respect to a certain characteristic.
What is assortative mating?
Occurs when the intermediate phenotype is favored over extremes.
What is stabilizing selection?
Stalk that attaches the blade of the leaf to the stem.
What is the petiole?
Roots display this type of gravitropism.
What is positive?
Triploid structure in the angiosperm seed.
What is endosperm?
Geographic feature below which most animals are of Australian origin, and above which most animals are of African origin.
What is Wallace's line?
Any allele frequency change within the gene pool of a population.
What is microevolution?
Function of phloem.
What is transport of sugars and other organic compounds?
Contained within amyloplasts, these starch granules are responsible for directing root growth in the direction of the pull of gravity.
What are statoliths?
Fruits that split open at maturity.
What are dry dehiscent fruits?
Conditions for the Hardy-Weinburg Equillibrium.
What is no mutation, no gene flow, random mating, no natural selection, and no genetic drift?
Type of speciation that results when nondisjunction errors occur during meiosis and a species produces gametes with a ploidy level greater than 1n.
What is Autoploidy?
The three zones of a growing root.
What are the zones of cell division, elongation, and maturation?
Plants that flower when day length is longer than the critical length.
What are long-day plants?
A rhizome is technically this type of structure, whereas a stolon is this type of structure.
What is an underground horizontal stem versus an above-ground horizontal stem?