Cancer Terminology
Mitosis and the G1 checkpoint
DNA and RNA
Transcription
100
This type of gene is responsible for stopping or limiting cell growth and proliferation. AKA the brakes
What is Tumor Suppressor Genes
100
The four phases of Cell Cycle
G1, S, G2, M
100
This molecule has a hydrogen (H) on its 2' carbon
What is DNA
100
What substance is responsible for unzipping DNA and assembling RNA?
RNA Polymerase
200
This type of gene is present in a normal, non cancerous cell, and is responsible for signaling cell growth and proliferation. AKA the gas pedal
What is Proto-oncogenes
200
When Rb is phosphorylated, how does it interact with E2F
It releases it, passing the G1 checkpoint if enough E2F is released.
200
This molecule likes to be single stranded
What is RNA
200
The DNA template is: 5' GATCAGCAACAT 3' Would transcription go from left to right or right to left?
right to left
300
In a cancerous cell, this gene type is responsible for driving the cell to divide uncontrollably. AKA the gas pedal
What is an oncogene
300
A cyclin binds to this protein. This protein can only perform its function when bound to a cyclin
What is CDK
300
In a RNA molecule, which nucleotide compliments adenine (A)
What is Uracil (U)
300
The DNA strand is: GATCAT if transcription goes from left to right, what would the RNA be?
CUAGUA
400
Is this cell cancerous or non cancerous? It has oncogenes but it also has fully functioning tumor suppressor genes.
Non cancerous
400
Which of these situations would indicate that a cell has recieved a division signal: 1. Cyclin bound to CKD 2. CDKI bound to CDK 3. TK2 in differentiation pathway phosphorylated 4. Rb is phosphorylated 5. E2F bound to Rb 6. E2F bound to DNA
Answers 1, 4, 6.
400
True or False: RNA can form double stranded segments
True
400
The term for the strand opposite the transcribed strand is
Coding strand or the non-template strand
500
This hypothesis states that at least two things must go wrong in order for a cell to be malignant.
What is The Two Hit Hypothesis
500
If a cell was exposed to DNA DAMAGE due to UV light during the G1 phase of the cell cycle, what could stop the cell from entering the cell cycle 1. G1 cyclins increase 2. G1 CDK activated 3. G1 CDk inhibitors increased and active 4. DNA synthesis occurs 5. p53 active 6. Rb bound to E2F
3, 5, 6. were looking for something to stop cell from continuing into mitosis p53 is active because there is DNA damage
500
Come up to the board and draw a DNA nucleotide and a RNA nucleotide (2 people)
only difference is 2' OH or H
500
The DNA Template strand is: 3' AAGTAGCAT 5' The product RNA is:
5' UUCAUCGUA 3' BONUS Where is the promoter?
M
e
n
u