Endocrine System
To regulate the function of other cells, these chemicals of the endocrine system must travel through the bloodstream to exert their effects
Hormones
The superior chambers of the heart are known as?
Atrium / Atria
Intima, Media, Externa
Name any of the first 3 branches that arise from the ascending aorta / aortic arch
Brachiocephalic trunk / Brachiocephalic artery
Left Common Carotid Artery
Left Subclavian Artery
What blood vessels transport oxygenated blood back to the left ventricle?
Pulmonary veins
The infundibulum connects which two endocrine structures? (must get both correct)
Hypothalamus and Pituitary gland
Which valve of the heart lies between the Left Atrium and Left Ventricle?
Bicuspid (Mitral)
How would peripheral resistance be affected by an increase in blood viscosity?
It would increase
After passing the clavicle, the subclavian artery transitions into what named artery?
Axillary Artery
What blood vessel in the body generally has the HIGHEST pressure?
Aorta
Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) released by the hypothalamus stimulates the anterior pituitary gland to release what hormone(s)? (only need to list 1)
Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
The T Wave on an electrocardiogram (ECG) represents which portion of cardiac conduction?
Ventricular Repolarization
Which pressure acts to drive water OUT of a capillary?
Hydrostatic Pressure
The hepatic artery & hepatic vein likely run to/from what major organ?
Liver
Name 1 of the 2 branches that immediately arises from the brachiocephalic trunk / artery
Right Subclavian artery
Right common carotid artery
Epinephrine and norepinephrine are released from which gland to help enhance the effects of the fight or flight response?
Adrenal gland / adrenal medulla
If cardiac output must be maintained at a consistent level, how would heart rate react if stroke volume were to increase?
Heart rate would decrease to maintain cardiac output
What 2 factors are needed to calculate Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP)?
Systolic BP and Diastolic BP
What artery runs behind and supplies the knee joint?
Popliteal artery
Grave's Disease is due to an abnormally high level of which hormone?
Thyroid hormone
What hormone is considered the antagonist to Calcitonin?
Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
Which heart sound is heard during the closing of the atrioventricular (AV) valves?
S1 OR the "Lub" sound
Name any of the 3 hormones that act to raise blood volume and thus raise blood pressure
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Angiotensin II (in response to Renin)
Aldosterone
Most veins above the diaphragm empty into what major blood vessel?
The superior vena cava
(Will also accept Brachiocephalic veins since those drain into the SVC first)
Name the 3 layers of the heart wall from superficial to deep
Pericardium / Epicardium (Fibrous, Parietal, and Visceral not necessary)
Myocardium
Endocardium