Cell Theory and Basic Chemistry
Proteins and Enzymes
Carbohydrates, Nucleic Acids, and Lipids
Membranes and Cell Structure
Random!
100

What is one difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Size (eukaryotes are larger)

Membrane bound nucleus and organelles in eukaryotes and not prokaryotes

100

What level of protein structure is conserved, even when a protein is denatured?

Primary structure

100

At what carbon do DNA and RNA nucleotides differ?

At the 2' carbon!

DNA: H (de-OXY)

RNA: OH

100

Is facilitated diffusion an example of active or passive transport?

Passive (does not require energy input, only channel proteins)

100

True or false: ribosomes are present in all living organisms

True

200

Which type of chemical bond involves the complete transfer of electrons from one atom to another?

Ionic bond

200

True or false: catalysts (enzymes) are consumed in chemical reactions.

False


200
If 20% of the bases in DNA are adenine, what percentage are cytosine?

30%

200

Which type of microscopy creates a high resolution 3D image?

Scanning electron microscopy

200

This level of protein structure is associated with hydrogen bonding and the formation of alpha helices and beta sheets.

Secondary structure

300

What type of chemical reaction forms polypeptide bonds during protein synthesis?

Condensation reaction

300

Is ATP hydrolysis an anabolic or catabolic reaction?

Catabolic (break-down)
300

If a cell is in a cold environment, what could be done to allow materials to better flow into/out of the cell?

Adding cholesterol

Increasing the # of double bonds in fatty acid tails (increasing unsaturation)

300

Which organelle is responsible for protein-packaging?

Golgi apparatus

300

Are channel proteins an example of integral or peripheral membrane proteins?

Integral

400

What are the four parts of the cell theory?

  • All organisms are composed of cells 

  • All cells come from preexisting cells

  • Cells are the smallest unit of life
  • Cells are fundamentally similar in structure and function
400

True or false: a noncompetitive inhibitor lowers an enzyme's affinity for its substrate.

False

Km (an enzyme's affinity for its substrate) is unchanged by the addition of a noncompetitive inhibitor

Vmax (maximum reaction rate) IS changed

400

Is the 5' end of DNA comprised of a phosphate or hydroxyl group?

Phosphate

400

What type of filaments are microfilaments made of?

Actin

400

What two types of junctions serve as anchoring junctions?

Adherens junctions and desmosomes

500

Why does water have a high surface tension?

H2O molecules at the surface will form hydrogen bonds with those below them, creating a net downward pull
500

If you increase the H+ ions in solution, what is the effect on pH?

pH decreases (more acidic)

pH = -log [H+]

500

What type of linkage (alpha or beta) is found in cellulose?

Beta linkage!

500

What are two features of plant cells that are not present in animal cells?

Cell wall

Chloroplasts 

Large vacuoles

Plasmodesmata 

500

What is the structure of a triglyceride?

Triglycerides consist of glycerol linked to three fatty acids

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