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BIO 182 Lecture
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100
Parsimony Principle
What is the idea that the simplest answer is usually the best answer?
100
2 diploid daughter cells
What is the result of mitosis?
100
Cell walls are made of_________ in plants? fungi? bacteria?
What is cellulose, chitin, and peptodiglycan
100
Defines Life
What is reproduction, homeostasis, evolution, metabolism
100
Phylogeny
What is the evolutionary development and history of a species or higher taxonomic grouping of organisms
200
Evolution the Theory vs. Evolution the Process
What is Evolution, the process: ? genetic change in populations over time ? Evolution, the (basic) theory: ? cumulative genetic changes produce new variants of organisms over time
200
When does crossing over occur?
What is Prophase I of meiosis
200
the taxonomy of a tiger
What is Eukarya, Animalia, Chordata, Carnivora, Felinae, Panthera, tigres
200
infolding theory vs. endosymbiotc theory; what organelles do they give us?
What is infolding: cell membrane folds in on itself multple times; gives the nucleus, golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum endosymbiotic: Eukayotes formed by eating smaller prokaryotes; gives the mitochondria and chloroplast
200
Energy source: inorganic substances Carbon source: Carbon Dioxide Example: Archaea
What is chemolithotrophs
300
Energy Source: Light Carbon Source: Organic compounds Example: Purple nonsulfur bacteria
What is Photoheterotrophs
300
What results in four haploid cells?
What is Meiosis
300
Describe the events that occur inthe four phases of mitosis
What is Prophase: chromosomes become visible; centriols move to opposite poles; nuclear membrane dissolves Metaphase: chromosomes line up at equitorial plate; spindle attaches to centromeres Anaphase: centromeres separate; chromatids(now chromosomes) move to opposite poles Telophase: spindle disappears; nuclear membrane is formed
300
Explain the relationship between sexual reproduction and variation in species
Sexual reproduction increases variation because the genetic material of an individual comes from a sperm and egg cell. Mendels Law of Segregation says that each trait has 2 alleles but they are seperated during the formation of gametes so they only have one allele for each gene. The Law of Independent Assortment says that the combination of alleles from different genes is random therefore the gametes of one organism are notthe same Crossing over occurs in Prophase I so that an exchange of non sister chromatids occurs, which leads tomore combinations of genes These together contribute to the variation of genetic information in a species
300
Define species
What is a groupof organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring
400
A structural feature which is shared between two or more organisms because of a common ancestor
What is Homologous Structure
400
Taxonomy of Upupa epops
What is Animalia Chordata Aves Coraciiformes Upupidae Upupa epops
400
Survive in extreme conditions
What is Archaea
400
A community of microorganisms embedded in a polysaccharide matrix, forming a highly resistant coating on almost any moist surface; Can contain bacteria, archeae, protists, and fungi, where each group performs specialized metabolic funtions ?
Biofilm
400
advantages of cellular specialization
Each cell is performing a specific function for a larger organ or tissue ? Functional specialization of cells in the choanoflagellate colony arose; and cells continued to differentiate ? Coordination among groups of cells may have been improved by regulatory molecules; eventually leading to larger, more complex animals
500
Relating to a taxonomic group that includes some but not all of the descendants of a common ancestor
Paraphyletic
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