Intro to Anatomy
What is Anatomy? How does it differ from Physiology?
Anatomy is the study of structure, composition and organization of living things. Physiology is the study of the function of living things.
What is the function of the Golgi Apparatus?
Modified, packages, and transports secretions
What are the four general types of tissues?
Epithelial Tissue
Connective Tissue
Muscle Tissue
Nervous Tissue
What is the function of Adipose connective tissue?
Energy storage
What is the histology and function of the hypodermis?
Areolar connective tissue and adipose connective tissue
Connects skin to underlying muscle and serves as sit for fat storage
The esophagus is ______ to the trachea.
Posterior
What is the function of the Smooth ER?
Synthesizes and transports fats and carbohydrates
Where can we find simple squamous epithelium?
Alveoli of the lungs
Inner lining of blood vessels
What tissue has the function of shock absorption/ compression?
Fibrocartilage connective tissue
What are the 5 layers of the Epidermis? (From superficial to deep)
Stratum Corneum
Stratum Lucidum
Stratum Granulosum
Stratum Spinosum
Stratum Basale
What are the four body cavities? Name one major organ found in each cavity?
Cranial Cavity
Spinal Cavity
Thoracic Cavity
Abdominopelvic Cavity
What is the function of Lysosomes?
Remove and recycle worn out organelles
Digest engulfed materials, including bacteria
Glycogen storage
What is the histology of the fallopian tubes, bronchioles and lining of the GI tract?
Simple columnar epithelium
What cell types do we find in bone connective tissue?
Osteocytes and osteoblasts
What are the two layers of the Dermis? What is the histology for each?
Papillary Layer (Areolar connective tissue)
Reticular Layer (Dense irregular connective tissue)
What are the three body planes? How do they divide the body?
Sagittal Plane
Transverse Plane
Frontal Plane
List all the general characteristics of the cell.
- Cells contain organelles and a cytoplasm that are surrounded by a plasma membrane
- Cells are capable of exchanging materials with each other
- Contain DNA
- Coordinate and regulate activities
Name all the fiber types and cell types we find in Areolar connective tissue.
Cell types: Fibroblasts, macrophages and mast cells
Fiber types: collagen, elastin and reticular fibers
Name all the body membranes that where mentioned in lecture.
Mucous Membranes
Serous Membranes
Synovial Membranes
Meninges
Cutaneous Membrane
Explain the differences between sweat and sebaceous glands. (What does each produce, function of each?)
Sweat glands: produce sweat and is involved in thermoregulation and excretion of wastes
Sebaceous glands: produce sebum (oil) and is involved in moisturizing/ lubrication the skin and inhibiting bacterial growth
List all the parameters of Standard Anatomical Position.
Head is leveled and facing forward
Body is standing upright
Arms are at the side of the body
Palms are facing forward
Feet are parallel and facing forward
List all the functions of the Plasma Membrane.
Serves as a physical barrier
Regulates exchange of material
Communication
Structural support
Explain why transitional epithelium has a function of expansion and protection?
Expansion is due to the cells ability to change/ transition from round plump cells to compact cells.
Protection is due to the multiple layers
What is the histology and function of Serous Membranes?
Simple squamous epithelium over loose areolar connective tissue
Produces serous fluid that helps reduce friction
List all the functions of the skin.
Thermoregulation
Absorption
Hydroregulation
Protection
Reception
Synthesis of Vitamin D