Pre-Darwinian Figures
He was the first to incorporate the idea of inheritance, implying that the earth was older than 6,000 years.
Lamarck
Name the three necessary conditions for evolution by natural selection.
1. Phenotypic variation
2. Selection
3. Inheritance/Heritability
Name the five microevolutionary forces
1. Natural Selection 2. Random Genetic Drift 3. Migration (gene flow) 4. Mutation 5. Non-random mating
When tone population loses the ability to exchange genes with another, it fits the definition of a ______________.
Biological Species
"I could not understand the abilities of an ant colony by merely studying one single ant" - is an example of _________________.
Emergent Property
He used the "watchmaker" analogy to argue that complex design requires a creator.
Paley
In ____________ selection, variation decreases from Gen.t to Gen.t+1.
Stabilizing
If the population deviates from the Hardy-Weinberg prediction, and there is an excess of herterozygotes, this could imply non-random mating, or more specifically _________________.
Negative assortment
This specific type of speciation relies on geographical isolation.
Allopatric
A _____________ can be defined as a family of taxa related through their MRCA, that includes one ancestor and all of its descendants.
Clade
His study of fossils lead to the concept of extinction, and he is associated with catastrophism (based on superposition).
Cuvier
In ____________ selection, standard deviation is stable but there is a change in average (phenoytpe).
Directional
Random Genetic Drift
Sexual selection is an example of this type of reproductive isolating mechanism.
Prezygotic
Differences in morphological traits between males and females is referred to as ________________.
Sexual Dimorphism
The geologists that came up with the theory of uniformitarianism, stating that gradual forces operate continually to create a larger change over a long period of time.
Lyell and Hutton
This condition (for evolution) implies that there is a non-random correlation between phenoytpe and survival/reproduction.
Selection
In the Bucket O' Heritable Phenotypes, _________ increases variation.
Migration (gene flow)
This type of speciation does not result in an change in the total number of species because one species is "morphing" into another over a long period of time.
Anagenic
The situation in which females choose their mates, thus dictating the direction of male evolution, is described as ___________________.
Intersexual Competition
He was convinced that a catastrophe was inevitable based on exponential growth of the population and linear growth of food/resources; ultimately led Darwin to the idea of natural selection.
Thomas Malthus
Contributing to the theory of evolution, Hardy-Weinberg represents the _______ ___________, inferring support for a scientific hypothesis.
Null Hypothesis
_________ results in drastic reduction of population size, while ________ _________ results from a smaller number of individuals colonizing a new area; both involve genetic drift in a small population, resulting in decreased variation over time.
Bottleneck and Founder Effect
Polyploidy is an example of this type of speciation.
Sympatric
The large scale evolutionary trend by which we see increasing body size over time, is referred to as ________________.
Cope's Rule