Vocabulary
What is catabolism?
Breaking down macromolecules into smaller, simpler molecules
In cellular respiration, most of the ATP is produced by ____________.
The Electron Transfer Chain
Autoclaving, boiling, and pasteurization are all examples of ___________.
Physical Methods of Control (specifically, heat methods)
In DNA, the nitrogenous base ADENINE (A) is complementary with __________.
THYMINE (T)
The collection of genetic material in a virus is called the
Viral Genome
What does it mean if a molecule is oxidized?
The molecule has lost an electron (becomes more positive as a result)
In glycolysis, one molecule forms how many molecules of pyruvic acid?
Two
What growth curve phase describes an exponential growth of bacterial cells?
Log Phase
What is the product of transcription?
mRNA
Flare-ups of herpes infection, as a cold sore, is an example of what type of viral infection?
Latent Persistent Infection
What does it mean if a disinfectant is microbiostatic?
static-- does not kill, but inhibits growth and replication
How many molecules of ATP are produced with ONE molecule of glucose going through a round of cellular respiration?
38 ATPs
What do enzymes do to a reaction?
Speed up the reaction and reduce the amount of energy needed for it to happen.
In translation, what carries each amino acid to the ribosome?
tRNA
When the virus integrates into the host genome (which helps with evasion of the immune system!) it is then called a ___________.
Provirus
What is a PHENOTYPE?
Displayed, visible trait.
What are some byproducts that can be produced by fermentation in bacteria?
Acids, Gas, Alcohol
What type of environment do halophiles prefer?
SALTY environments
5' - 3'
*Same direction as how mRNA is made too :)
A bacteriophage infects what?
Bacteria (only)
A viral infection that lasts for long periods of time (may be chronic or latent)
PERSISTENT infections
True or False: Products formed in glycolysis can be used in amino acid synthesis (anabolic).
TRUE
IN their allosteric sites-- any other place that is not the 'active' site
DNA methylation typically turns genes ____.
OFF
After a virus replicates and assembles inside the cell, it needs to exit. How is exit achieved?
Budding (enveloped viruses), bursting or lysis for phages and naked viruses.