Meiosis
Sex Determination
Chromosome Mutations
DNA Mutations
Cancer
100
These two processes produce genetic variation in meiosis. Also include the location of each process.
What is crossing over in prophase 1 and independent assortment in anaphase 1?
100
The number of barr bodies in an individual who is XXXY
What is 2 barr bodies?
100
A syndrome that is the result of a deletion of the small arm of the chromosome
What is cri-du-chat syndrome?
100
This type of mutation would result in an overall shorter protein.
What is a nonsense mutation?
100
Mutations in these two types of genes can result in cancer.
What are proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes?
200
In Prophase II of meiosis, this is how many DNA molecules a cell would have if it had 10 chromosomes.
What is 20 DNA molecules.
200
A genetic disorder where a person has one X chromosome
What is Turner Syndrome?
200
From: ABCD-EFG
To: ABCF-EDG
What is a pericentric inversion?
200
Term for A being replace with T
What is tansversion?
200
This is a tumor suppressor gene that is also known as The Guardian of the Genome.
what is p53?
300
A protective protein that prevents sister chromatids from separating in meiosis 1.
What is Shugoshin?
300
This can result in a female that is XY.
What is SRY gene missing from Y chromosome?
300
Term that refers to multiple sets of chromosomes.
What is polyploidy?
300
This type of mutagen causes frameshift mutations by "sandwiching" between bases.
What is an intercalating agent?
300
Explain how a drug that promoted methylation of DNA would help with cancer.
Oncogenes constantly progress the cell through the cell cycle casing unregulated cell proliferation(cancer). Hypermethylating these genes could stop the unregulated cell division.
400
During Gametogenesis in females, the primary oocyte divides to form a these two things.
What is a secondary oocyte and a polar body
400
The sex of a fruitfly and a human that is XXY
What is female(drasophila) and male klinefelter(human)?
400
The term for an individual that's species has 2n=18 chromosomes but this individual has 17 chromosomes.
What is monosomy?
400
This is the mutation that results from UV light and this is the mechanism that we use to repair it.
What is thymine dimers and nucleotide excision repair?
400
This would be the result if the RB gene was mutated so that it cannot bind to E2F
What is unregulated cell division or cancer?500
500
Red Green color-blindness is an x-linked recessive disorder. If both a mother and father do not have the disorder is it possible for them to have a son with the disorder? a daughter?
A son could have the disorder but a daughter could not.
500
Draw out nondisjunction in meiosis II of one cell after meiosis 1.
500
Draw the amino acid sequences if nucleotide 6 undergoes a transition and name the mutation type.
3’-TAC GAA GGG CTA ATA-5’
Met-Leu-Pro-Asp-Tyr , Silent mutation
500
Apaf-1 is a gene that helps bring apoptosis in damaged cells. This epigenetic modification would result in reduced expression of this gene and ultimately cancer.
What is hypermethylation?