Atoms
What are the major elements?
O, C, H, N
These bonds are formed when sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl) are put together
Ionic bonds
This is the energy required to start a chemical reaction
Activation energy
These are the monomers of nucleic acids
Nucleotides
The polymers of amino acids are called:
Proteins
What is an ion?
Atom with an electrical charge
Atoms in these bonds share electrons equally
Nonpolar covalent bonds
A chemical reaction in which the reactants contain more energy than the products is known as:
Exergonic reaction
This is a lipid that provides a lot of energy
Triglyceride
These are the simplest sugars
Monosaccharides
What is the atomic number?
Number of protons
These bonds are found between DNA strands
Hydrogen bonds
These are proteins that can speed up chemical reactions and can be used over and over again
Enzymes
These are the main component of cell membrane and contain both polar and nonpolar parts
Phospholipids
Members of this category of macromolecules are always hydrophobic
Lipids
What is an isotope?
Different number of neutrons in an element
When oxygen and hydrogen are put together to form water, these bonds are formed
Polar covalent bonds
An catabolic reaction in which water is added to break down things is known as:
Hydrolysis
This is a base that can be found in RNA but not in DNA
Uracil
In DNA, adenine binds to _____
Thymine
Electrons in the outermost shell are known as _____ electrons
Valence
What are the factors that increase the rate of chemical reactions?
Reactants concentration, temperature, presence of catalyst
This is a polysaccharide stored in skeletal muscles and is used as an energy source
Glycogen
This is a level of protein structure in which the 3-D shape of a protein is determined
Tertiary