Definitions
Enzymes
Energy Generation
Metabolic Diversity
Metabolism
100
The sum of the chemical reactions in an organism
Metabolism
100
What enzyme uses water to break a molecule
Hydrolase
100
How much ATP is generated via substrate level phosphorylation in glycolysis?
4
100
These organisms utilize light as an energy source
Phototrophs
100
What are the three steps involved in cellular respiration
Glycolysis, Kreb cycle and Electron transport chain
200
Type of RNA that functions like an enzyme
Ribozymes
200
What is the process called when a molecule binds to the active site of an enzyme and blocks the substrate from binding?
Competitive Inhibition
200
How many ATP are generated from 1 FADH2?
2
200
Organisms that use organic compounds as a carbon source are known as
Heterotrophs
200
What pathway is an alternative to glycolysis that breaks down 5 carbon sugars
Pentose-phosphate pathway
300
The frequency of collisions with enough energy to bring about a reaction
Reaction rate
300
What happens to an enzyme if a cell is placed above its optimal temperature?
Denaturation
300
What energy generating process only occurs in photosynthetic cells?
Photophosphorylation
300
Organisms that grow at -10 to 20 degrees C are known as
Psychrophiles
300
Name a compound that can be used as final electron acceptor for anaerobic respiration?
Nitrite, Nitrogen gas, Sulfate, Hydrogen sulfide, Carbonate, Methane
400
The mechanism by which ATP is generated in the electron transport chain
Chemiosmosis
400
What is the term for an enzyme lacking any cofactors?
Apoenzyme
400
Where does oxidative phosphorylation occur in eukaryotes?
Mitochondrial membrane
400
The optimal pH for yeasts and molds is
5-6
400
List two characteristics of fermentations
Does not require oxygen Does not require Kreb's cycle or the electron transport chain Uses organic molecules as the final electron acceptors Produces only a small amount of ATP - only during glycolysis Ensures a steady supply of NAD and NADP for glycolysis
500
In this type of metabolic process only one type of product is made in the absence of oxygen
Homofermentation
500
What is the benefit of an enzyme-substrate complex?
It lowers the activation energy of the reaction
500
In the following oxidation-reduction reaction which molecule gained an electron? Aox + Bred ---> Ared + Box
A
500
What is the class of organisms that can grow in the presence and absence of oxygen and do not use oxygen in their metabolism
Aerotolerant anaerobes
500
What are the two molecules required for lipid biosynthesis and from what amphibolic pathway do they come from
Glycerol - Glycolysis Fatty acids - Acetyl CoA (Kreb cycle intermediate step)
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