DNA all day
In eukaryotic cells, where does DNA replication primarily occur?
nucleus
A gene is a sequence of DNA that contains the instructions to make one or more_____________.
Proteins
What is the product of mitosis?
two identical (diploid) daughter cells
The process of cell division resulting in four daughter cells with half the genetic information of the parent cell.
Meiosis
What enzyme is responsible for unwinding the DNA double helix during replication?
Helicase
Proteins are made up of chains of _____________________.
Amino acids
When does DNA replication occur in the cell cycle?
Interphase
If an animal's skin cell has 20 chromosomes, how many chromosomes does its sperm cells have?
10
What is the function of DNA polymerase during DNA replication?
To add complementary nucleotides to the new DNA strand
The transfer of genetic information from DNA to RNA is called 1.________________.
The process that uses mRNA to make proteins is 2.________________.
1. Transcription
2. Translation
List the three major steps of the cell cycle in the correct order.
1. Interphase
2. Mitosis
3. Cytokinesis
If a homozygous dominant plant (YY) is crossed with a homozygous recessive plant (yy), what will be the genotype of the all the offspring be?
Yy
A phosphate group bonded to a deoxyribose sugar and a base is a _____________.
Nucleotide
What are the 3 types of RNA involved in transcription/translation?
mRNA (messenger RNA)
tRNA (transfer RNA)
rRNA (ribosome)
What is the relationship between mitosis and cancer?
Cancer involves uncontrolled cell division
The inheritance pattern that occurs when both alleles contribute to the phenotype of the heterozygote.
Codominance
Why does gel electrophoresis effectively separate DNA fragments based on size?
Due to DNA’s negative charge and the presence of different-sized Short Tandem Repeats (STRs) in the DNA, which affect the migration rate.
Transcription occurs in the 1.__________ and translation occurs in the 2._____________ on a 3.____________.
1. nucleus
2. cytoplasm
3. ribosome
Which type of organisms on the tree of life are known to develop cancer?
Multicellular organisms like plants and animals
In a Punnett square, the letters on top of the square and on the side of the square represent _____________.
Parental genotype