Neurons and Nerve Impulses
This insulating structure speeds up the transmission of nerve impulses along the axon.
What is the myelin sheath?
This neurotransmitter is commonly involved in activating skeletal muscles.
What is acetylcholine?
This major brain region controls balance and coordination.
What is the cerebellum?
These photoreceptors detect dim light but not color.
What are rods?
This gland is known as the “master gland” of the endocrine system.
What is the pituitary gland?
This principle states that a neuron fires completely or not at all.
What is the all‑or‑none response?
These gaps between neurons facilitate chemical signaling.
What are synaptic clefts?
These two subdivisions make up the peripheral nervous system.
What are the somatic and autonomic systems?
The part of the eye responsible for focusing light is this flexible structure.
What is the lens?
This hormone works with insulin to regulate blood glucose levels.
What is glucagon?
A rapid change in electrical charge across a neuron’s membrane is called this.
What is an action potential?
This enzyme breaks down acetylcholine after it crosses the synapse.
What is cholinesterase?
This structure relays messages between the brain and the rest of the body.
What is the spinal cord?
This structure in the inner ear contains the organ of Corti.
What is the cochlea?
These glands sit on top of the kidneys and control the stress response.
What are the adrenal glands?
These structures receive signals from other neurons.
What are dendrites?
This neurotransmitter is associated with the sympathetic nervous system’s fight-or-flight response.
What is norepinephrine?
The sympathetic and parasympathetic systems belong to this broader system.
What is the autonomic nervous system?
These receptors detect taste.
What are taste receptors (or taste buds)?
A mechanism in which rising levels of a hormone inhibit further release is called this.
What is negative feedback?
This factor determines the intensity of a nerve impulse.
What is the frequency of action potentials?
The process of transmitting a signal across a synapse is called this.
What is synaptic transmission?
This part of the brain regulates homeostasis through hormone release.
What is the hypothalamus?
These receptors provide information about body position and movement.
What are proprioceptors?
Hormones act only on these specific cells with matching receptors.
What are target cells?