Quiz 1 (4/16)
Quiz 2 (4/21)
Quiz 3 (4/23)
Quiz 4 (4/28)
Quiz 5 (4/30)
Quiz 6 (5/5)
Quiz 7 (5/7)
Quiz 8 (5/12)
Quiz 9 (5/14)
1
Gametophytes make eggs and sperm by cell division called (_?_). [Hint: It starts with M.]
Mitosis.
1
What is one homologous feature of all vertebrates?
Vertebral column (backbone).
1
What do you see in an unfertilized egg that disappears in a fertilized egg?
You see the germinal vesicle, basically the egg’s nucleus disappears as it completes meiosis.
1
What are the two unique/defining features of all Cnidaria?
Radial symmetry and cnidocytes, stinging cells used for defense and catching prey.
1
What tissue layer do flatworms have and Cnidaria lack?
Flatworms have a mesoderm layer, which Cnidaria lack.
1
If you had never seen clam gills before, what features would suggest the structures are for gas exchange?
Clam gills are thin, feathery, and have a large surface area, which are features that help with gas exchange.
1
To what class of annelids do earthworms belong?
Class Clitellata.
1
Crayfish, crab, and lobsters belong to what animal phylum?
Phylum Arthropoda.
1
To what animal phylum do starfish, sea urchins, etc., belong?
Phylum Echinodermata.
1
Animals make eggs and sperm by cell division called (__?__). [Hint: It starts with M.]
Meiosis.
1
Why are bird and bat wings not homologous?
They evolved independently, so they don't have shared ancestry.
1
What is the meaning of cell "cleavage"? [Hint: It starts with M.]
Cell cleavage means mitosis, the rapid division of a fertilized egg into many smaller cells after fertilization.
1
What kind of cell division in the Obelia polyp colony makes buds? [Hint: It starts with M.]
Mitosis (asexual production).
1
What controls the gliding and bending in planaria?
In planaria, cilia control gliding, and muscles control bending.
1
What tissue is unique to mollusks? In clams, it deposits the shells.
The tissue unique to mollusks is the mantle, which deposits the shell in clams.
1
What is the name for the space between the body wall and the organs in an earthworm?
The coelom.
1
What is the position of central nervous system in the body of arthropods?
The central nervous system is on the ventral side, meaning along the belly/bottom of the body.
1
What makes the tube feet extend?
Tube feet extend when water pressure from the water vascular system pushes into them.
1
Sclerenchyma supports tall plants like trees. What has the same function in vertebrates?
Bones (skeleton).
1
When you look at the form of a skull, how can you identify a primate?
Forward-facing eyes, large braincase.
1
What is the result of indeterminate cleavage in chordates, e.g., humans?
Indeterminate cleavage allows early cells to develop into a complete organism, making identical twins possible.
1
What kind of cell division makes eggs in Obelia medusas? [Hint: It starts with M.]
Meiosis.
1
What are two (2) giveaways that a flat worm is a parasite and not a turbellarian?
Hooks/suckers for attachment and a reduced digestive system, which are common in parasitic flatworms.
1
Why are resting clams open?
Resting clams are slightly open so water can flow in and out for gas exchange and filter feeding.
1
When longitudinal muscles contract, what happens to the segments of the earthworm that they surround?
The earthworm’s segments become shorter and thicker.
1
Restaurants get it wrong - where is most of the muscle in a crayfish or lobster?
Most of the muscle in a crayfish or lobster is in the abdomen.
1
What is the symmetry of starfish and their relatives? What other organisms have it?
Radial symmetry, which is also found in cnidarians like jellyfish.
1
In animals, what is the waste product gas that is exhaled? [plants use it]
CO2 (Carbon dioxide).
1
What force do arched backbones fight against?
Gravity (body weight).
1
What is a hollow ball of cells called?
A blastula.
1
Besides sexual reproduction, what is the function of Obelia medusas?
Help disperse the species by swimming and spreading reproductive cells to new areas.
1
What is the function of a scolex?
A scolex helps a tapeworm attach to the host’s intestine using hooks or suckers.
1
What is the function of adductor muscles?
They close the clam’s shell tightly for protection.
1
What are two functions of parapodia in marine worms?
Parapodia help marine worms with movement and gas exchange.
1
What special external structures can you see in male crayfish?
Male crayfish have modified swimmerets used to transfer sperm during mating.
1
What is a unique feature of all echinoderms?
A unique feature of all echinoderms is the water vascular system, which helps move their tube feet.
1
How can you tell if an animal is alive?
It shows sings of life like movement and response to stimuli.
1
Why is the axial (vertebral) skeleton of a fish straight, not arched?
Water supports body weight (no gravity load).
1
What system is forming when a tube pushes the surface inside the hollow ball of cells?
The digestive system is forming when a tube pushes inward into the hollow ball of cells.
1
What are the two functions of the gastrovascular cavity?
Digesting food and circulating nutrients through the body.
1
Why don't liver flukes and tape worms need a gastrovascular system to digest food and distribute nutrients?
They are parasites so they absorb nutrients directly from the host, meaning they do not need a gastrovascular system to digest and distribute food.
1
Why are octopuses and squids called cephalopods?
They are called cephalopods because their feet/tentacles are attached to their head.
1
What is the function of the crop in an earthworm?
The crop stores food temporarily before it moves to the gizzard for grinding.
1
How do female grasshoppers bury their eggs?
Female grasshoppers bury their eggs using an ovipositor, a special egg-laying structure at the end of the abdomen.
1
What kind of skeleton do starfish and all echinoderms have?
Starfish and all echinoderms have an endoskeleton, which is an internal skeleton made of hard calcium plates.
1
What is the function of the gizzard in an earthworm?
The gizzard grinds up food in an earthworm, helping with mechanical digestion.