Chemistry of Life
This type of bond forms when atoms share electrons.
Covalent Bonds
Unlike eukaryotic cells, prokaryotic cells do NOT have this membrane-bound structure containing their DNA.
Nucleus
This molecule forms the primary structural material of most bacterial cell walls.
Peptidoglycan
This membrane-bound organelle stores and protects a eukaryotic cell's DNA.
Nucleus
This protein coat surrounds and protects a virus's genetic material.
Capsid
I store and transmit genetic information.
I am one of the four major macromolecules.
Who am I?
Nucleic acid
This type of bond forms when electrons are transferred from one atom to another.
Ionic Bonds
A spherical bacterial cell has this shape.
Coccus
This small, circular piece of bacterial DNA can carry helpful genes such as antibiotic-resistance genes.
Plasmid
This organelle produces ATP through cellular respiration.
Mitochondrion
A virus's surface spikes can no longer recognize receptors on a host cell. Which stage of infection will fail first?
Attachment
I include enzymes.
One of my major jobs is helping chemical reactions occur.
Who am I?
Protein
Put these three interactions in order from strongest to weakest: ionic, covalent, hydrogen.
Covalent → Ionic → Hydrogen
The bacterial cell membrane consists primarily of two layers of these molecules.
Phospholipids
A bacterial slime layer can help a bacterium remain attached to a surface and prevent this type of water loss.
Desiccation (drying out)
A protein needs to be modified, packaged, and transported. Which organelle should handle the job?
Golgi apparatus
Name the three major viral shapes discussed in lecture.
Helical, icosahedral, and complex
I am a multicellular parasitic worm.
What group am I?
Helminth
Water is considered polar because its electrons are shared in this way between oxygen and hydrogen.
Unequally
This bacterial structure allows a cell to move toward favorable nutrients.
Flagella
When nutrients disappear and environmental conditions become harsh, some bacteria form this dormant, highly resistant structure.
Endospore
A microorganism is always unicellular. Of the groups studied in lecture, which group does this describe?
Protozoa
Enveloped viruses can often be inactivated by these common cleaning products because they disrupt the lipid envelope.
Detergents and disinfectants
I contain no DNA or RNA.
I am an infectious protein.
Who am I?
Prion
A weak attraction forms between a partially positive region of one molecule and a partially negative region of another. Name the interaction.
Hydrogen bond
An antibiotic blocks bacterial ribosomes. Which cellular process will be directly disrupted?
Protein synthesis
A bacterium has thin peptidoglycan, an outer membrane, and stains pink. How would you classify it?
Gram-negative
A microorganism has a cell wall containing chitin. Which major eukaryotic group does it most likely belong to?
Fungi
A bacteriophage inserts its DNA into the bacterial chromosome instead of immediately producing and releasing new viruses. Name the cycle.
Lysogenic cycle
A parasite uses me during larval development, but does not reach adulthood or sexually reproduce inside me.
What type of host am I?
Intermediate Host