Ecology
Energy Producers and Consumers
Energy Flow
Energy Flow
Cycles of Matter
100
What is the Biosphere?
Planet Earth
100
What is a Consumer/Heterotroph?
Organisms that rely on others for food
100
What is a food chain?
series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten
100
Name the three types of Ecological Pyramids
Numbers, biomass, energy
100
What is a Biogeochemical cycle
Elements passing from one organism another among parts of the biosphere, powered through the flow of energy
200
What makes up an ecosystem?
All Biotic and Abiotic Factors in an environment
200
What is Chemosynthesis?
chemical energy used to produce sugar and carbohydrates
200
What direction does energy flow in and which direction does matter flow in?
Energy- Straight Line -------> Matter- Circle O ∞
200
With every step higher in a biomass pyramid, is there more or less biomass?
Less
200
What is a Nutrient? Limiting nutrient?
Nutrient- chemical organism that a organism needs to sustain life Limiting Nutrient- nutrient whose supply limits productivity
300
What does the prefix Eco mean? What does it have to do with the Ecosystem?
Eco- House Interactions among nature's houses are based on energy and nutrients
300
What is a primary producer?
First producer of energy rich compoundsthat are later used by other organisms like heterotrophs
300
What is the base of every energy pyramid?
Primary Producers
300
In a numbers Pyramid with each step lower, is there more or less a number of species?
More
300
What is Nitrogen Fixation? Denitrification?
Nitrogen Fixation-turning Nitrogen gas into Ammonia(usable form), performed by bacteria Denitrification- turning Nitrates and Nitrites(usable form) into Nitrogen gas(unusable form), performed by
400
What is the smallest category of organization that contains multiple organisms and abiotic factors?
Ecosystem
400
What is an Autotroph? What are two types of Autotrophs? What do those types use for energy?
Autotroph- self feeder, chemoautotroph and photoautotroph, chemicals and sunlight
400
What is each step in a food chain called?
Trophic Level
400
How much Energy does each step higher in the pyramid get compared to the lower level?
10%
400
Describe two ways in which Carbon is released into the atmosphere
Photosynthesis- plants Respiration- animals
500
Name the six categories of organization from smallest to largest in an ecosystem.
1.Species 2.Population 3.Community 4.Ecosystem 5. Biome 6. Biosphere
500
Name 4 Heterotrophs, explain what they eat, and give an example of each
Carnivores- eat other animals, snakes, dogs, cats etc. Scavengers- dead animals, vultures, hyenas, crows etc. Decomposers- chemically break down matter, fungi, mushrooms etc. Herbivores- plants, seeds, fruits, pandas, rabbits Omnivores- plants and animals, humans, bears, pigs Detritivores- ground and dirt, worms, snails, shrimp
500
Describe a four step energy Pyramid. If the base level has 100% energy, what would the other 3 steps have?
Base- Primary Producers, 100% Second Level- 1st Consumer, 10% Third- 2nd Consumer, 1% Fourth- 3rd Consumer, .1%
500
What is the difference btw a food chain and a food web?
Food chain-series of step where organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten Food web- complex network of feeding relationships containing multiple food chains
500
Explain 2 ways in which water enters the atmosphere in the water cycle
Transpiration Evaporation
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