I have the power!
Did we talk about that?
Big Brain Time
Another day on the Assembly line
This one goes there, THAT one goes there!
I Knew this one!
100
the sum of all the processes that an organism uses to obtain, store, and use energy is called
metabolism
100
What is the goal of DNA replication?
to make a copy of the DNA in order to reproduce the cell.
100
Which part(s) of a nucleotide is different in each of the five kinds of nucleotides found in DNA and RNA?
the nitrogenous bases
100
What does the information stored in DNA code for?
making specialized proteins
100
Mistakes made during DNA replication
mutations
100
process of assembling a protein on the basis of the information in an RNA molecule
translation
200
organisms that can make their own food
Autotroph
200
Why can't cells directly use the energy from glucose?
glucose is too complex and contains too much energy
200
a triplet of nucleotide bases on an mRNA strand that correspond to a particular amino acid is a(n)
codon
200
transfer RNA use a triplet of nucleotides called an ___ in order to match up to the corresponding codon in mRNA to align its amino acid into the chain
anticodon
200
How does the mRNA leave the nucleus?
through holes in the nuclear membrane called nuclear pores
200
the process of copying an RNA molecule from a DNA molecule
transcription
300
What is the name of the molecule that is continually recycled into ATP, which allows us to have a continuous supply of ATP we can use for energy
ADP or Adenine diphosphate
300
Ribosomes are made of protein and _____
ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
300
In a DNA molecule, which bases bond to each other?
Adenine bonds to Thymine (A-T)
Guanine bonds to Cytosine (G-C)
300
The cellular organelle that "reads" an mRNA strand and assembles amino acids into a protein is the
ribosome
300
What is the process of assembling a protein on the basis of the information in an RNA molecule that occurs in the cytoplasm?
translation
300
What is a base pair?
when two corresponding bases are matched up: ex. guanine to cytosine or Adenine to Thymine (Adenine to Uracil in RNA)
400
What is the name of the molecule that cells use to temporarily store energy (the full name, not the acronym)
Adenosine Triphosphate
400
What is the name of the enzyme used to split DNA for replication and add new nucleotides to form the base pairs of the new DNA molecule
DNA polymerase
400
the two sides of the DNA double helix are held together by what kind of bonds?
hydrogen bonds held together by phosphates grouped to the next sugar
400
Adjacent amino acids in a protein are joined by _____ bonds
(hint: it's called a polypeptide chain; it was on the escape room)
peptide
400
What is the difference between anabolism and catabolism?
anabolism is the process of storing energy in larger molecules
catabolism is the process of breaking large molecules down in order to get the energy
400
The building blocks of nucleic acids, consists of a sugar, base, and a phosphate.
nucleotide
500
How does ATP store energy? When does it turn into ADP?
it stores energy in the bond between its phosphate groups. It uses the energy by releasing the bond and dropping from 3 phosphates to two, becoming ADP
500
Energy is released from ATP when it reacts with _____ to produce ADP
water
500
Using the following DNA sequence, transcribe it to find the resulting mRNA sequence of the base pairs.
ATCGACTTG
UAGCUGAAC
500
Which Amino Acid does the codon AGU code for?
Serine
500
How does the mRNA know when to stop adding on amino acids to the polypeptide chain?
there are certain codons called stop codons which tell the ribosome to stop
500
the two sides of a DNA "ladder" are composed of the alternating of which two components?
A sugar (ribose) and a phosphate