Macro-molecules
What are Macromolecules?
Macromolecules are large molecules essential for life.
What is the Structure of Monomers and Polymers?
A monomer is a small molecule and a polymer is a long-chain molecule made up of a repeated pattern of monomers.
What is a Condensation Reaction?
A chemical process where two molecules join together, forming a covalent bond and releasing water as a byproduct.
What is Water? State the Properties of Water
Water (H2O) is a polar inorganic compound that is essential for life on earth. The properties are polarity, solvency, density and cohesion.
What are examples of Macromolecules?
Carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids.
What are examples of Monomers?
Glucose - carbohydrates, amino acids - protein and nucleotides for nucleic acid.
What is Hydrolysis?
Hydrolysis is a chemical reaction in which water is used to break down a compound, splitting the polymer into its monomers.
What is Water Polarity?
Water’s polarity allows the hydrogen molecule to form hydrogen bonds with other water molecules and polar substances.
What are Lipids?
Polymers that are made up of repeating smaller units called monomers.
What are Monomers and Polymers?
Monomers are small molecules that serve as the building blocks of polymers. Polymers are large molecules composed of monomers.
Why is Water a Good Solvent?
The polar nature of water allows it to dissolve ions and polar molecules effectively. These molecules and ions are charged (positively and negatively) and so are attracted to the weak charges of water molecules.
What breaks down Polymers?
Polymers are broken down into monomers through hydrolysis, where a water molecule is added to break the covalent bond.
What causes High Cohesion.
Due to the hydrogen bonding between its molecules, water has a high cohesion which forms an unbreakable chain of water molecules.
What links Monomers together?
Monomers are linked together through condensation reaction or dehydration, where a water molecule is removed to form a covalent bond.
Explain Water Density.
Water’s solid state and matter is ice, which is less than liquid water. When Water freezes it expands and become less dense due to the formation of a lattice structure in the ice and each water molecule is hydrogen bonded to four other water molecules.