Mass & Matter
What is matter?
Anything that takes up space and has mass
What is N?
Nitrogen
Electrons have a _______ charge.
Negative
Name three types of chemical bonding
A molecule is formed when two or more ____________ chemically join together.
atoms
True or False? Humans have less mass on the Moon than on Earth.
False, the mass of an object on the Moon remains the same as its mass on Earth.
What is Si?
Silicon
The atomic number of an element is the total number of which particles?
protons in the nucleus
A covalent bond forms when
valence electrons are shared between atoms
How many total ATOMS are in the following compound: 2C2H4O2
16
Name three changes of state of matter.
melting, freezing, sublimation, deposition, condensation, and vaporization
What is the formula for phosphate?
PH4
What is the mass number?
number of protons plus neutrons
Water molecules (H2O) form what type of bonds?
Hydrogen bonds
A(n) _________ is an ion with a positive (+) charge.
cation
Is a transition from a solid to liquid endothermic or exothermic?
endothermic (it requires the input of energy)
What is NH3?
Ammonia
Ions are...
atoms with a positive or negative charge
True or False. Ionic bonds share electrons
False. In ionic bonding, atoms transfer electrons to each other.
Two atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons are called
Isotopes
Are Density and Volume about the same. Yes or No, why?
Volume is the amount of space and object occupies, but Density is compactness of a substance, so No.
What is a hydroxyl group?
-OH
An atom has 5 protons, 7 neutrons and 5 electrons. What is the mass number of the atom?
12
Are polar molecules hydrophilic or hydrophobic? Why?
Hydrophilic. Water is a polar molecule meaning it has a positive and negative end. The charged ends of polar molecules are attracted to each other.
What does an enzyme do?
Speeds up (catalyzes) reactions