Cell cycle
Mitosis
DNA structure
DNA replication
Miscellaneous
100
What would happen if the cell skipped G1 during its cell cycle?
The cell would not grow or create the necessary organelles and proteins to function
100
What are the phases of mitosis in order?
Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
100
What connects to the sugar to create the backbone of DNA?
Phosphate
100
How many copies of DNA are made during DNA replication?
2!
100
What scientist took the famous photo 51?
Rosalind Franklin
200
What are the three phases of interphase?
G1, S, G2
200
What is the purpose of mitosis?
To create new cells to grow and heal
200
What bond connects the backbone of DNA together?
Covalent
200
Susan noticed that the DNA/chromosome ends were not protected. What structure is missing?
Telomeres
200
Give me TWO reasons why a cell must divide instead of continuing to grow?
1. Getting too big will cause it to pop
2. It puts stress on the DNA
3. Transport of materials becomes less efficient
300
Morgan noticed that the G2 phase of the cell cycle was sped up in her lab research cells. How might this affect the cell?
G2 acts as a checkpoint, and so if this phase is sped up, it might overlook something that is needed to be fixed or changed. The cell may also not be finished growing
300
What structure would be affected if the sister chromatids of a chromosome were not held together?
Centromere
300
If one side of the DNA strand is A,C,T,G,A, what is the complementary strand?
T, G, A, C, T
300
Why must DNA replicate?
To create two copies so that when the cell divides, each cell has an equal amount of DNA
300
Strand 1: C = 28
Strand 2: C = 36;G = 36; T = 14
400
What might occur if the S phase was unable to create two copies of DNA?
When the cell divided, one cell would have an uneven amount of DNA
400
What THREE things occur in prophase?
1. Spindle fibers form
2. Nucleus disappears
3. Chromosomes condense
400
What does "antiparallel" mean?
The phosphates are pointing in opposite directions
400
A student makes the claim: DNA can unwind by itself to begin DNA replication. Do you support their claim? Why or why not?
Incorrect; helicase helps unwind the DNA strands
400
A cell that is old and worn out recently shattered into tiny pieces in order to prevent it from dividing and creating new cells. What process did the cell undergo?
Apoptosis
500
Dr. Andrews noticed that there were many cells dividing in his cell sample. What phase of the cell cycle was he observing?
Cytokinesis
500
What might occur if the chromosomes during anaphase were to separate unevenly?
One cell would have too many or two few chromosomes
500
A mutation prevented hydrogen bonds from forming. What would happen to the DNA structure?
The bases would not be able to connect, preventing the DNA from twisting into a double helix
500
Fill in the missing step:
DNA unwinds -> ________ -> Two copies have been made
DNA polymerase makes the complementary strands
500
In what phase of the cell cycle would a researcher see the majority of the cells in?
G1