vocab
What does dominat and recessive mean?
Dominant: allele that is always expressed in a genotype
Recessive:allele that is only expressed in the homozygous state.
What is Codominance?
Alleles that will be both expressed.
What are pedigrees for?
A pedigree is a chart for tracing genes in a family.
What are punnett squares for?
To predict the outcomes genotypes of the offspring from the two parents.
What is the female genotypes?
XX
What does Heterozygous mean?
Genotypes made of two different alleles.
What is Incomplete dominance?
Neither allele is not completely dominant or recessive.
What does a circle repersent in a pedigree?
A circle represents a female.
What genotypes are being crossed outside the punnett square?
The mother and father.
What are the male genotypes?
XY
What does homozygous mean?
Genotypes made of the same allele.
What is Genetic linkage?
Genes located close together on a chromosome tend to be inherited together.
What does a square represent in a pedigree?
In a pedigree a square represents a male.
How many squares are there in a punnett square during a dihybrid cross.
16
What does poly mean?
Poly means many.
What is a allele?
Different forms of a gene for a single trait.
What is a Dihybrid cross?
Involves a cross between two traits.
What does the shaded shapes represented in the pedigree mean?
It means it has the harmful gene.
What is the foil method used for in punnets squares for?
To determine the four possible allele combinations in the gametes of a parent during a dihybrid cross.
Mono mean one.
What is a polygentic trait?
Produced by two or more genes.
What is Law of independent assortment?
Alleles for different traits segregate independently of one another during the formation of gametes.
What does it mean when the shape is only half shaded?
A half shaded shape represents a carrier of a genetic trait in a pedigree chart
What are the uppercase and undercase letters alleles used for in a punnett square?
Uppercase letters represent dominant alleles lowercase letters represent recessive alleles.
What is hemophiila?
Hemophilia is a rare, usually inherited bleeding disorder where blood doesn't clot properly due to low levels of clotting factors.