Characteristics of Life
All living things are made of ___________?
Cells
If something is organic, it must contain the element ___________.
Carbon
What type of macromolecule is an enzyme?
Protein
What organelle stores DNA, and is the control center of the cell?
The nucleus
What is the function of the cell membrane?
It protects the cell, and allows only certain things in and out. It is selectively permeable.
What organelle does photosynthesis occur in?
Chloroplast
Organisms pass _________ through heredity to their offspring
DNA
What is the monomer of a carbohydrate?
Monosaccharide
What does an enzyme do?
Speed up chemical reactions
Name a prokaryote, and name a eukaryote
prokaryote: bacteria.
Eukaryote: Any plant/animal
If something goes DOWN the concentration gradient, how are the molecules moving?
From high concentration to low concentration
What organelle does cellular respiration occur in?
Mitochondria
Maintaining a stable internal environment is called?
Homeostasis
What is the monomer of lipids?
Fatty Acids
Where does a substrate bind to an enzyme?
The active site
What is the difference between the rough ER and the smooth ER?
The rough ER has ribosomes on it, and the smooth ER does not.
The diffusion of water is called _________?
Osmosis
Name the reactants of photosynthesis
Water, sunlight, carbon dioxide
Metabolism
What elements are in proteins?
C, H, O, N
Name two factors that affect enzyme activity
Temperature, pH, concentration
Which organelle is responsible for packaging proteins and sending them to where they need to go.
Golgi body
Which type of cellular transport does NOT use energy, but uses proteins to help molecules get through the membrane?
Facilitated diffusion
Name the products of cellular respiration
Carbon dioxide, water, and ATP
Varies
Name two nucleic acids.
DNA/RNA/ATP
What is it called when an enzyme no longer works?
Denatured
Name the three organelles that are found in plant cells, but not in animal cells.
Cell wall, chloroplast, central vacuole
What is active transport?
A type of transport that requires energy, and is moving materials AGAINST the concentration gradient, from low to high concentration
What is true about the chemical formulas of cellular respiration and photosynthesis?
They are opposite of each other. The reactants of one process are the products of the other.