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Are sagittal crests found in adult chimpanzees or humans
Chimpanzees
What events happen in meiosis and fertilization so that results in the offspring having a mix of both parents traits
Crossing over, Independent Assortment, Fertilization.
Where in the world are the Hb5 alleles most likely to be prevalent and why does the allele persist despite the danger associated with having 2 Hb5 alleles?
The HbS allele, associated with sickle cell disease, is most prevalent in regions with a history of malaria, particularly in Africa, parts of the Middle East, and India. The allele persists despite its potential for severe health problems because heterozygous carriers (those with one copy of the HbS allele and one normal HbA allele) have a survival advantage in malaria-prone areas.
Malaria Resistance: Individuals with one HbS allele are less susceptible to severe malaria infection. The HbS allele causes the red blood cells to become sickle-shaped, which makes it difficult for the malaria parasite to thrive.
Heterozygote Advantage: This resistance to malaria gives heterozygous carriers a selective advantage. They are more likely to survive and reproduce in malaria-endemic areas compared to individuals with two copies of the normal HbA allele.
If evolution has occurred in a population will the Hardy Weinberg equation show same or different allele frequencies between the p and the f generations -
different
Who first described natural selection
Charles Darwin
Which of the first insects and amphibians appeared on land.. She then said (what period)
Devonian
Explain the axial skeletons and skulls differ between humans and chimpanzees.
The human spine has an S-shape, the foramen magnum (the opening at the base of the skull where the spinal cord passes) is more centrally located, and the rib cage is flatter and wider. In contrast, the chimpanzee's spine is more curved, the foramen magnum is positioned towards the back of the skull, and the rib cage is more rounded. Chimpanzee skulls also have larger brow ridges and more prominent jaw muscles.
Explain how an organism's fitness will influence the genotypic frequency of a population.
through natural selection. Organisms with higher fitness, meaning they leave more offspring that also reproduce, will pass on their genes (and thus their genotypes) more frequently, leading to an increase in the frequency of those genotypes in the next generation. Conversely, genotypes associated with lower fitness will decrease in frequency.
What agents have been known to cause evolution in a population.
Mutation, Gene flow, Genetic drift, and Natural selection, nonrandom mating
What are heritable variations
phenotypic traits, can be passed from one generation to the next. Mutations and Sexual reproduction. Differences in eye color, height, skin tone, and even susceptibility to certain diseases can be heritable variations
Explain homologous and analogous
structures Homologous= if they exhibit similar basic structures and embryonic origins
Analogous= parts of organisms are similar in function but originated independently in different groups of organisms that don’t share common ancestor.
What 2 periods compose the mesozoic era??
Cretaceous and Jurassic
What era of geological time are we currently in
Cenozoic
What technique is used to determine the specific traits inheritance pattern in a family.
Pedigree
From who does a male inherit color blindness from
Mother
What is it called when 3 chromosomes are present -
Trisomy 21, Down Syndrome
How many autosomes do humans have
22 pairs
What is it called when individual has two dominant alleles
Homozygous Dominant
What are the Four phases of the cell cycle
. Growth, 2. growth and DNA replication,
3. growth and final prep for division, 4. Mitosis (G1, S, G2, Mitotic)
What holds the nitrogen bases together in DNA
Hydrogen Bonds
What's the alternate form of a gene called
Allele
The 4-repeat variant is associated with ____and the 5-repeat variant is associated with______
The 4-repeat variant is associated with evening activity and the 5-repeat variant is associated with morning activity
Define circadian clock
Internal time keepers that regulate our body’s physiology and behavior on a cycle that repeats each day. Dictate when we feel sleepy, energizes, hungry, and controls important bodily functions such as our blood pressure, body temp, hormone release, and metabolism. Resets about every 24 hours. Every organism contains one.
What type of molecule makes up the backbone or uprights of the DNA ladder
Alternating Deoxyribose sugar, and phosphate group.
During BLANK complementary RNA is made from a DNA template
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