Genetics
Evolution/Ecology
Cells
Molecular Biology
Anatomy/Physiology
100
What molecule carries genetic information?
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)
100
Name the 5 taxonomic kingdoms.
Fungi, Protista, Monera, Animalia, Plantae
100
What organelle holds the cell's DNA?
The Nucleus
100
Proteins are made of what monomers (building blocks)?
Amino Acids
100
What system of the body produces hormones?
The Endocrine System
200
What monomers (building blocks) make up DNA?
Nucleotides
200
What is the major difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
Eukaryotes have a membrane bound nucleus while prokaryotes do not.
200
Name the scientist that discovered cells.
Robert Hooke
200
The diffusion of water across a semi-permeable membrane is called what?
Osmosis
200
In which tissues are fat stored?
Adipose Tissue
300
What scientist first discovered that traits are passed down in discrete packets (now known as chromosomes)? Hint: He was a monk
Gregor Mendel
300
What is the ultimate source of genetic variation?
Mutations
300
Name 3 differences between plant and animal cells.
Plants cells- cell wall, chloroplasts, larger vacuoles than animal cells Animal cells- contain centrioles
300
Name 2 differences between RNA and DNA.
DNA is double stranded, has A,T,G,C bases, and uses a deoxyribose sugar. RNA is single stranded, has A,U,G,C bases and uses a ribose sugar
300
Some virus are transmitted by mosquitos. Which tropical disease is caused by the transfer of viral RNA and has symptoms such as jaundice and liver damage?
Yellow Fever
400
In chromosomes, DNA strands are coiled around proteins called___________.
Histones
400
What is the biological definition of a species? (2 requirements)
A population of individuals that are capable of breeding with each other and producing fertile offspring.
400
The endosymbiont theory proposes that chloroplasts are descended from what organism?
Photosynthetic bacteria, AKA cyanobacteria, blue-green bacteria
400
In what organisms can peptidoglycan (a structural carbohydrate) be found?
Bacteria
400
Name the tissue layer that lines the interior surface of blood and lymphatic vessels.
The Endothelium
500
What does reverse transcriptase do?
Produces DNA from an RNA template. It is used by retroviruses
500
Scenario: a population of yellow, red, and green beetles is hit by a disease that, by chance, kills all except the yellow beetles. Future generations consist of only yellow beetles. What is this phenomena called?
Genetic Drift/Genetic Bottleneck. In this case, the yellow allele drifts to fixation.
500
An RNA molecule that can catalyze chemical reactions is called what? What organism were they first observed in?
Ribozymes. They were discovered in the protozoa Tetrahymena thermophila.
500
What carbohydrate is used to store energy in animals?
Glycogen
500
Somatic heart cells in the myocardium of the heart are what shape?
Y-shaped or branched
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