Enzymes
What type of macromolecule is an enzyme?
Protein
What type of bonding is between complimentary base pairs?
hydrogen bonding
Why is ice less dense than water?
Due to the structure of the water molecule, when water freezes, the structure locks in and spreads out, making it less dense than water.
cellulose is an example of what type of macromolecule and what function does it serve?
Plants, structure
Hydrogen bonding is an example of a _____bond.
weak
What two conditions can change the shape of an enzyme?
heat and ph
What type of bonding exists between nucleotides?
What is covalent bonding.
What properties of water are involved in capillary action?
cohesion and adhesion
Name the monomer for proteins
amino acids
when electrons are shared between a bond, this is a ______bond.
covalent
What happens to an enzyme in extreme heat?
Changes the shape on an enzyme
What are the three parts of a nucleotide?
deoxyribose sugar, phosphate, and nitrogenous base.
Why does NACL, salt and many other important substances dissolve in water?
Because of the polarity of the water molecule, oxygen is slightly negatively charged, which will attract to other positively charged polar substances. Hydrogen also attracts to other negatively charged substances. This explains the property of solvency.
Which macromolecules are used to store food?
Carbohydrates and Lipids (not officially proteins according to our book as a main function)
Define an isotope
An element of the same number of protons and electrons, but a different number of neutrons
What forms the reactants?
Enzyme and the substrate/reactant
The complimentary base pair of Adenine is? What is the shorthand for remembering the complimentary base pairing rules?
Thymine, because A and T are use straight lines and C and G use curved lines.
Sweating is an example of this type of property
high specific heat capacity
Describe the phospholipid structure and how it is important in creating a cell membrane.
The head of the phospholipid is hydrophilic due to its negatively charged phosphate group. The two fatty acid tails are hydrophobic, which orient towards eachother or away from water in creating a cell membrane (draw picture).
Name three biological uses for isotopes
carbon dating, element tracing, irradiation of produce and radiation in cancer cell treatment.
Definition of an enzyme
An enzyme speeds up a reaction by lowering the activation energy.
In a DNA segment, 10% of the nitrogenous bases are Thymine. What percentage of Guanine is present?
40%
List the properties of water
1. Cohesion
2. Adhesion
3. High Heat Capacity
4. Solvency
5. Density of Ice
Name the four types of macromolecules and give an example of each.
1. Proteins, ex. hemoglobin
2. Carbohydrates, ex. glucose
3. Lipids, ex. phospholipid
4. Nucleic Acids, ex. DNA
Name the subatomic parts of an atom with their charge and location.
electrons (neg) located surrounding the nucleus
protons (positive) in the center of the nucleus
neutrons (neutral) in the center of the nucleus