Systems & Regulation
Homeostasis is the _______________ of internal conditions of a cell to maintain ________ conditions to function (even changes occur)
Regulation, Optimum
This process uses glucose to produce energy in plant and animal cells
Cellular Respiration
Correct the statement:
The female hormone is testosterone, produced in the ovaries, and stimulates the production of eggs.
The male hormone is testosterone, produced in the testes, and stimulates the production of sperm.
Can condoms Prevent STIs?
YES (both people)
What is an allele?
A gene (part of DNA) that codes for a characteristic Ex: Freckles
Order the following in the correct Reflex Arch Order:
Coordinator, Response, Receptor, Stimulus, Effector
Stimulus --> Receptor --> Coordinator --> Effector --> Response
The ______________ test will tell us if glucose is present as the solution will turn _________ if detected.
What is day 14 called during the menstral cycle?
What happens on this day?
Ovulation, egg is released from the ovaries.
What 2 hormones are found in infertility treatment drugs?
FSH (follicle stimulating hormone)
LH (luteinizing hormone)
When would a dominant vs recessive allele "expressed" on a kid?
Dominant - always if present
Recessive - only if 2 copies are present
What is hormone?
How is it transported?
Where is it released from?
A chemical messenger
Transported in your blood
Released from glands
What type of disease is diabetes?
What is type 1?
What is type 2?
Non-communicable
Type 1 - pancreas doesn't produce insulin
Type 2 - Pancreas does produce insulin but the body does not respond to it
What are 3 forms of contraceptions related to hormones that prevent the egg from maturing in the ovaries?
The pill - taken 21/28 days
The patch - stuck on the skin (lasts 3 weeks)
The implant - operation to place under the skin, lasts up to 5 years
What are 3 downsides to fertility treatment?
1. emotional/physical stress
2. low success rates
3. multiple births
Draw a punnet Square for the offspring for parents with Cystic Fibrosis:
mom - FF (No CF)
dad - Ff (carrier)
F f
F FF Ff
F FF Ff
Protect the body.
Sensory, Relay, Motor Neurons
How do you get Type 1 vs Type 2 Diabetes?
How do you treat Type 1 vs Type 2?
Type 1 - born with it - insulin injections
Type 2 - develop it - diet and exercise
Why does the uterus lining thicken?
To prep the walls with blood and nutrients for a potential fertilized egg to implant
Order the following from LARGEST to SMALLEST:
DNA, Tissue, Gene, System, Chromosomes, Cell, Organ
System, Organ, Tissue, Cell, Chromosome, DNA, Gene
A genotype is _______ present in a person, while a phenotype are the ___________ present in a person.
The male genotype is _________ and the female genotype is _________.
Genotype - genes present
phenotype - characteristics present
male - XY
female - XX
Compare the rate of reaction of nerves vs hormones.
Hormones - slower responses but effects last longer
nerves - fast response but effects are short
What gland controls our blood glucose?
What happens to our blood glucose when we eat food, and what is our body's response?
Pancreas
strach breaks into glucose --> blood glucose levels increase --> pancreas releases insulin --> glucose moves into cells --> blood glucose decreases
Evaluate the use of surgical interventions for their effectiveness in contraception.
Pros - used by both males and females, very effective in preventing pregnancy
cons - not reversible
Compare and contrast meiosis vs mitosis in terms of:
1. Number of cells made
2. Number of cell divisions
3. What types of cells are made
4. Genetic variation of cells made
5. Number of chromosomes in each cell made
Mitosis Meiosis
- 2 daughter cells - 4 daughter cells
- 1 divison - 2 divisions
- body cells made - gametes made
- identical to "mom cell" - genetically different to "mom"
- 46 chromosomes (23 pairs) - 23 chromosomes
Exam Question: Some plants contain a harmful chemical called PTC. 20% of the population can taste PTC.
Suggest one advantage of being able to taste PTC.
To Survive! Taste it in plants = does not eat it = stop risk of being harmed