Definitions 1
The function of the _________________________ is to carry information to and from all parts of the body.
a) soma
b) synapse
c) nervous system
d) endorphins
c) nervous system
Which of the following neurotransmitters functions as a common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain?
a) serotonin
b) GABA
c) acetylcholine
d) norepinephrine
b) GABA
A chemical found in the synaptic vesicles which, when released, has an effect on the next cell is called
a__________.
a) glial cell
b) neurotransmitter
c) precursor cell
d) synapse
b) neurotransmitter
An auto accident rendered Chris’s nervous system unable to send messages for him to breathe, so he is on a respirator. Which brain structure was damaged in the accident?
a) pons
b) medulla
c) cerebellum
d) reticular formation
b) medulla
Endocrine glands___________.
a) secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream
b) are chemicals released into the bloodstream
c) are an extensive network of specialized cells
d) are a thin layer of cells coating the axons
a) secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream
The point at which the nerves from the left side of the body cross over into the right side of the brain, and
vice versa, is the ______.
a) reticular activating system c) medulla
b) pons d) cerebellum
c medulla
GABA functions as_________.
a) the major neurotransmitter involved in voluntary movements
b) an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain
c) the neurotransmitter responsible for slowing intestinal activity during stress
d) the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain
b) an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain
_________________________ are holes in the surface of the dendrites or certain cells of
the muscles and glands that are shaped to fit only certain neurotransmitters.
a) Neurotransmitters
b) Axons
c) Synaptic vesicles
d) Receptor sites
d) Receptor sites
Since Jessica suffered a head injury in a car accident 3 months ago, she has not experienced dreams as she had in the past. She used to dream vivid, active dreams. Which part of her brain most likely was affected during the car accident which is related to her problem dreaming?
a) pons
b) cerebellum
c) cerebral cortex
d) pituitary gland
a) pons
Which endocrine gland controls all of the other endocrine glands?
a) thyroid
b) adrenal
c) thymus
d) pituitary
d) pituitary
Which part of the neuron is responsible for maintaining the life of the cell?
a) axon c) dendrite
b) soma d) cell membrane
b soma
Because they have similar chemical structures, morphine and other opiates are able to lock into receptor sites for ______.
a) GABA
b) serotonin
c) dopamine
d) endorphins
d) endorphins
The action potential causes neurotransmitters to be released into the ______.
a) myelin sheath
b) axon
c) synapse
d) synaptic vesicle
c) synapse
Alice is typing her term paper in the computer lab. Although a class is going on just a few feet away, she does not seem to notice. Which part of the brain allows Alice to focus on her typing and ignore the distractions that surround her?
a) reticular formation
b) pons
c) medulla
d) cerebellum
a) reticular formation
The hormone released by the pineal gland that reduces body temperature and prepares you for sleep is ______.
a) melatonin
b) DHEA
c) parathormone
d) thyroxin
a) melatonin
12. The function of the neuron’s axon is to ______.
a) carry messages to other cells
b) regulate the neuron’s life processes
c) receive messages from neighboring neurons
d) insulate against leakage of electrical impulses
a) carry messages to other cells
Which of the following is a group of several brain structures located under the cortex and involved in learning, emotion, memory, and motivation?
a) limbic system
b) cerebellum
c) cerebral cortex
d) cerebrum
a) limbic system
After being bitten by a black widow spider, Jean starts to convulse. This is a result of _____.
a) a lack of gabba being released into her blood stream
b) a resurgence of neurotransmitters overstimulating her brain stem
c) a surge of chemicals blocking the transmission of fluids to the spinal cord
d) a flood of acetylcholine releasing into the body’s muscle system
d) a flood of acetylcholine releasing into the body’s muscle system
Damage to the cerebellum is likely to disrupt which of the following?
a) playing basketball
b) sleeping
c) homeostasis
d) thinking
a) playing basketball
Tim is overweight. His physician has decided to test him to see if there is a problem with the regulation of his metabolism. Which endocrine gland will be the focus of diagnostic testing?
a) adrenal
b) thymus
c) thyroid
d) pancreas
c) thyroid
_________ receive messages from other neurons and _____________send messages to other neurons.
a) Axons; dendrites
b) Axon; soma
c) Soma; glial cells
d) Dendrites; axons
d) Dendrites; axons
What part of the brain acts as a relay station for incoming sensory information?
a) hypothalamus
b) thalamus
c) cerebellum
d) pituitary gland
b) thalamus
Which of the following are the three basic types of neurons?
a) reflexes, sensory neurons, motor neurons
b) sensory neurons, motor neurons, stem cells
c) motor neurons, stem cells, reflexes
d) interneurons, sensory neurons, motor neurons
d) interneurons, sensory neurons, motor neurons
Tracey has been unable to participate in her gymnastics class and is very uncoordinated since she was involved in an accident where she suffered a head injury. As a result of the accident, she was likely to have suffered damage to her ________________.
a) cerebellum
b) medulla
c) cerebral cortex
d) hypothalamus
a) cerebellum
Denise just received the results of a complete physical that found her body is not producing enough insulin.
Which of the following endocrine glands is affecting her body’s ability to produce insulin?
a) adrenal
b) thymus
c) thyroid
d) pancreas
d) pancreas