Cell Structure & Types
This term describes a cell without a true nucleus, such as a bacterial cell.
prokaryotic cell
What plant tissue has cells that divide quickly and help the plant grow?
meristematic tissue
Name the monomer unit that form all proteins
amino acid
Give examples of food containing carbohydrates
sweets, bread, etc
Give examples of food containing lipids
butter, nuts, etc
Explain the function of the Golgi apparatus
modifying and packaging materials for transport inside or outside the cell
What is the difference between mechanical tissue and dermal tissue in plants?
mechanical tissue gives support and strength, while dermal tissue covers and protects
Describe what occurs to a protein's structure and function during denaturation.
destruction of 3D shape
What carbohydrate is the main source of energy for cells?
glucose
What happens to lipids when they are mixed with water?
hey do not dissolve in water
If a plant cell needs to make a lot of proteins for growth, which organelle will be most active?
Ribosome
Which type of animal tissue helps send signals from your brain to move your arm?
nervous tissue
If a person has no more carbohydrates or fats left for energy, what will the body use next?
body will start breaking down proteins from muscles to get energy
How do plants and animals store carbohydrates?
plants store energy as starch, while animals store it as glycogen
What are the main roles of fats in animals and oils in plants?
store energy
Analyze differences between a plant cell wall and a cell membrane
cell wall is an outer rigid layer for protection/shape, while the cell membrane is inside and controls what enters and exits
What is the main difference between ground tissue and vascular tissue in plants
ground tissue makes food and stores it, while vascular tissue transports water and nutrients?
What are the different functions of keratin, hemoglobin, and melanin?
keratin gives strength to hair and nails,
hemoglobin carries oxygen in the blood,
melanin gives color to the skin, eyes
plants store energy as starch, while animals store it as glycogen
cellulose in celery and chitin in mushrooms
Why do desert plants and succulents have a waxy layer on their leaves?
wax prevents drying
Imagine that a cell’s lysosomes suddenly stop working. What immediate effect would this have
waste will build up inside the cell
Why are some dead cells in vascular tissue useful for transporting water?
dead cells form empty tubes, so water can flow through them easily
How can cells make thousands of different proteins using only 20 types of amino acids?
different combinations and orders of amino acids
Why can humans not use cellulose as an energy source?
humans do not have the enzymes needed to break cellulose down
Why are phospholipids important for cell?
they form cell membrane