Genetics & Animal Nutrition
____ are versions of genes that are inherited from an organisms biological parents.
Alleles
10%
The removal of these species from their ecosystem results in drastic and widespread effects on their ecosystem as a whole.
Keystone Species
Drought, fires, and water clarity may limit population growth. These are examples of ____ limiting factors, because they are nonliving.
ABIOTIC
Negative feedback reverses the effects of a stimulus to keep the internal environment of an organism within a narrow, optimal range. This range is referred to as ___.
Homeostasis
Genotype refers to the genes an organism has inherited from their parents, whereas ___ refers to the physical expression of those genes.
PHENOTYPE
The organisms at the BOTTOM of an energy pyramid are called these.
PRODUCERS
A decrease in an otter population will result in a decrease in kelp (producer) population even though otters do not eat kelp. Therefore, otters have an ___ effect on kelp populations.
INDIRECT
When a population levels out due to limiting factors slowing the growth of the population, it is said to have reached this.
Carrying Capacity
Maintaining appropriate oxygen levels in the blood requires these two systems to work together.
Respiratory and Circulatory/Cardiovascular
If an organism has the genotype A/B and we know that the B allele came from it's biological mother, what allele did it inherit from it's biological father?
A
Primary Consumers are found on this trophic level.
The second trophic level (from the bottom, since the first is producers)
Removal of a keystone species from an ecosystem results in a trophic cascade that will likely cause an ecosystem to be knocked out of balance. This balance is called...
Homeostasis
Poachers and predators can lead to changes in populations, such as the tuskless gene in elephants in heavily poached areas becoming more common. In this case, poachers and predators are called ___ .
Selective Pressures
This hormone causes you to feel thirsty and hold on to water in your kidneys.
ADH
An organism has a short digestive tract and has a high proportion of protein and lipids in it's stomach. The molars of this organism are likely ___.
Sharp or Jagged.
If a producer level in an ecosystem has 4,200,000 J of energy available, the tertiary consumers in that same ecosystem will have around ____ J of energy available.
4,200
Provide a specific piece of evidence that otters were the keystone species in the kelp forest ecosystem.
When they were removed, urchins and kelp were affected, etc. (Answer can vary but must include specifics!)
Limiting factors can be biotic or abiotic. Provide an example of a biotic limiting factor that may affect rabbits living in a field.
Predators, food availability, etc.
Insulin and glucagon are part of a feedback system that reduces blood sugar when it is high and increases blood sugar when it is low. This is referred to as ___ feedback, since the effect of the stimulus is reversed.
Negative
These macromolecules are made of amino acids and make up muscles and enzymes.
Proteins
If one population increasing causes another to decrease (as in a predator/prey relationship), this can be referred to as ___ feedback.
NEGATIVE
A trophic cascade can result in an ecosystem having ___ biodiversity.
LESS/DECREASED
Water clarity is an abiotic factor that can affect producers in marine ecosystems. Poor clarity likely impacts the producers' ability to carry out what process?
Photosynthesis
Name ONE of the two "boss" systems that respond to changes in the environment to restore homeostasis in organisms.
Nervous or Endocrine