Carbohydrates and Lipids
Lipids Elements and examples
Elements: CHO
Examples: trans fat, butter, saturated fat, unsaturated fat
Proteins monomers and polymers
Monomers: Amino Acids
Polymers: Polypeptides
What's the process of Dehydration Synthesis?
When monomers are connected by removing the H2O and polymers are created
What is the formula for monosaccharides (sugars)?
C6H12O6
What are the 4 classes of macromolecules in organisms?
lipids, carbohydrates, nucleic acid, and protein
Lipids monomers and polymers
Monomers: fatty acid glycerol
Polymers: triglyceride phospholipids
Proteins elements and Examples
Elements: CHON(S)
Examples: Hemoglobin, Keratins, Insulin
What is the process of Hydrolysis?
Adding H2O to break the polymers apart to create Monomers
What are Glucose, Galactose, and Fructose Isomers?
Glucose: Blood
Galactose: Milk
Fructose: Fruit Sugar
What are the 4 Functional Groups?
Carbonyl, Carboxyl, Hydroxyl, and Amine
Lipid Functions
insulations and long term energy source
Protein function
Structure of most organisms
What is the definition of amphipathic?
A chemical compound possessing both hydrophilic and lipophilic properties
what the heckity heck is DENATURATION
Protein form can change
-high PH level
high heat
Which is the only macromolecule that isn't a polymer?
lipid
Carbohydrates elements, examples, and functions
elements: CHO 1:2:1 Ratio
Examples: Glucose, Starch, Cellulose, Glycogen
Functions: Quick Energy Sugar
Nucleic Acids Polymers and monomers
Polymer: Polynucleotides
Monomers: Nucleotides
small subunit of a macromolecule
What are the 3 Disaccharides? and the combinations?
Sucrose: Glucose-Fructose
Lactose: Galactose-Glucose
Maltose: Glucose-glucose
Why are proteins considered polymers but lipids not?
Proteins have long chains of monomers, but lipids are not made up of components that make up a chain
Carbohydrate polymers or monomers
Polymer: Polysaccharides
Monomers: Monosaccharides
Nucleic Acid functions, elements, and examples
Function: genetic material, RNA is basis for protein synthesis
Elements: CHONP
Examples: DNA and RNA
what is the definition of polymer?
large molecule made of repeating monomers
What are amino acids also known as?
peptide or protein
What makes up proteins?
Polymers made of amino acids (50-500 chains long)