Multiple Choice
Joe needs 25 mL of motor oil to test his combine engine. Which tool would give him the most precise measurement?
A) beaker // B) flask
C) test tube // D) graduated cylinder
D) graduated cylinder
The 4 main types of macromolecules found in organisms are carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, &
A) starches // B) fatty acids
C) monosaccharides // D) proteins
D) proteins
Which organelle controls the passage of materials into & out of a cell?
A) Cell Membrane // B) Flagella
C) Lysosomes // D) Mitochondria
A) Cell Membrane
This process occurs when the cell uses energy to bring something in from outside the cell.
A) Endocytosis // B) Exocytosis
C) Osmosis // D) Diffusion
A) Endocytosis
Kia, Jay, & Gabi decide to test what factors influence water absorption by an egg. They remove the shell from 3 eggs by dissolving them in vinegar. They create 3 different water solutions. 1 is pure, 100% distilled water, a 2nd is 50% water / 50% corn syrup, & the 3rd is 100% corn syrup. The mass of each egg is measured before they're put into a single solution for 24 hours. The mass of the eggs are then measured, & the data recorded in the image.
1. In this experiment, the independent variable they are testing is
A) change in the mass of the eggs
B) the ending mass of the eggs
C) the amount of time they were in the solution
D) the type of solution the egg is placed in
D) the type of solution the egg is placed in
When designing an experiment, scientists will test a relationship between a "cause" & an "effect". The "effect", also represented by what the scientist measures & records, is known as the
A) constant // B) dependent variable
C) control group // D) independent variable
B) dependent variable
If available, the body will always digest which macromolecule for energy 1st?
carbohydrates
Which organelle produces energy (ATP) for the cell?
Mitochondria
What are the 2 purposes of the cell cycle?
growth & repair
Kia, Jay, & Gabi decide to test what factors influence water absorption by an egg. They remove the shell from 3 eggs by dissolving them in vinegar. They create 3 different water solutions. 1 is pure, 100% distilled water, a 2nd is 50% water / 50% corn syrup, & the 3rd is 100% corn syrup. The mass of each egg is measured before they're put into a single solution for 24 hours. The mass of the eggs are then measured, & the data recorded in the image.
2. This group also recorded a dependent variable, which is represented by
A) change in the mass of the eggs
B) the ending mass of the eggs
C) the amount of time they were in the solution
D) the type of solution the egg is placed in
A) change in the mass of the eggs
When writing a conclusion, what should you always refer back to?
A) procedure // B) hypothesis
C) your textbook // D) the materials list
B) hypothesis
The class of macromolecule that would most likely be involved in contracting muscles would be
proteins
Which organelle digests foreign substances & worn out cell parts?
Lysosomes
In a hypotonic solution, water will move _________ the cell, causing the cell to ___________.
into; lyse / swell
Kia, Jay, & Gabi decide to test what factors influence water absorption by an egg. They remove the shell from 3 eggs by dissolving them in vinegar. They create 3 different water solutions. 1 is pure, 100% distilled water, a 2nd is 50% water / 50% corn syrup, & the 3rd is 100% corn syrup. The mass of each egg is measured before they're put into a single solution for 24 hours. The mass of the eggs are then measured, & the data recorded in the image.
3. Based on the data this group gathered, the most appropriate hypothesis would be:
A) "If an egg is placed in corn syrup, then it will grain weight"
B) "If an egg is placed in vinegar overnight, then its shell will dissolve"
C) "If 3 eggs are each placed in vinegar overnight, then its shell will dissolve"
D) "If an egg is placed in a distilled water solution, then the egg will gain weight"
D) "If an egg is placed in a distilled water solution, then the egg will gain weight"
What are the special considerations during the Technological Design Process?
A) Cost // B) Time
C) Materials // D) All of the above
D) All of the above
The activation energy needed for a chemical reaction is lowered by a
catalyst
What 4 components do ALL cells have?
Genetic Material (DNA / RNA), Cytoplasm, Cell Membrane, & Ribosomes
Which 3 types of cellular transport do not require extra energy?
simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, & osmosis
If a cell has 26 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will each of its daughter cells have after mitosis?
26
Which of the following lists the steps of the Technological Design Process in the correct order?
A) Implementation, Solution Design, Evaluation, Problem Identification
B) Solution Design, Evaluation, Problem Identification, Implementation
C) Problem Identification, Solution Design, Implementation, Evaluation
D) Problem Identification, Solution Design, Evaluation, Implementation
C) Problem Identification, Solution Design, Implementation, Evaluation
Animals store most of their excess energy reserves as _______________ because _____________?
fat; they store twice as much energy per gram (9 cal/g) vs. carbs store 4 cal/g
Which organelles are found in a eukaryotic cell, but are not found in a prokaryotic cell? (name at least 3)
Nucleus & membrane-bound organelles such as the mitochondria, ER, Golgi Apparatus, Lysosomes, Chloroplasts, & Vacuoles
What does PMAT stand for? Give a brief description of each step.
PMAT = Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, & Telophase
Prophase = chromosomes condense & become visible, nuclear envelope dissolves
Metaphase = chromosomes align at the cells center
Anaphase = sister chromatids separate & are pulled ot the opposite ends of the cell
Telophase = new nuclei form around the separated chromosomes, completing nuclear division before the cell splits (cytokinesis)
Overall, photosynthesis is a reaction that ______ & cellular respiration is a reaction that ______. Briefly explain the vocabulary words used to identify each of these reaction types.
photosynthesis = endothermic reaction = absorbs energy = endergonic; cellular respiration = exothermic reaction = releases energy; exergonic