Emergent Properties
What does the term "emergent properties" mean?
Characteristics something gains when it becomes part of a larger system.
What does atomic number represent?
The number of protons present in an atom's nucleus and the number of electrons surrounding an atom's nucleus.
What are genes?
Units of inheritance from parent to child.
What is temperature?
The average kinetic energy of the molecules in a body of matter
What is cohesion?
The holding together of a substance through hydrogen bonds.
How many emergent properties are associated with life?
There are 7 emergent properties associated with life.
What does atomic mass represent?
The sum of the protons and neutrons in an atom.
What is matter?
Anything that takes up space and has mass.
What is a calorie?
The amount of heat it takes to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius.
What is adhesion?
What is homeostasis?
A state of equilibrium within a living organism.
What element is the most essential for life, and consequently, the most abundant?
Carbon.
What is a cell?
The smallest structural and functional unit of an organism.
What is an aqueous solution?
A solution in which the solute is dissolved in water as a solvent.
What is surface tension?
A measure of how difficult it is to stretch or break the surface of a liquid.
Name another emergent property of life.
Name another of the essential four elements for life.
Hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen.
What is an isotope?
A variation of an element, retaining the same number of protons, differing in the number of neutrons.
What do hydrophilic and hydrophobic mean?
Water-loving and water-fearing, respectively.
Why is water's high specific heat important?
Large bodies of water on Earth are able to absorb high amounts of heat from the sun while keeping organisms who rely on that water alive. Also, organisms are made primarily of water, so they are better able to resist temperature changes.
Why must organisms gain characteristics when they become part of a larger organism?
Emergent properties help these organisms adapt to their environments and increase their chances of survival.
Name and describe a chemical bond.
Ionic - bonding between a positive and negative ion through the electrostatic energy.
Covalent - bonding through the sharing of electrons
Hydrogen - bonding through the electrostatic attraction between a hydrogen atom and an electronegative atom of some kind
What is cohesion?
The holding together of a substance through hydrogen bonds.
What is a buffer?
A buffer is a substance that minimizes changes in the pH of a solution.
Why is water called the "universal solvent?"
Water is able to dissolve more substances than any other liquid.