Unit 1
This is the ultimate energy source of the food chain.
What is the sun?
Prokaryotes are monophyletic, true/false.
What is false?
All animals have this nutritional mode.
What is heterotrophic?
These are the compounds that some fungi are unique in being able to digest.
What are lignin and cellulose (wood)?
This is a limitation of the biological species concept.
What are:
-Dogs
-Fossils
-Ligers
-Geographic isolation
-Asexual reproduction
Name the 3 limitations on species distribution.
What are abiotic factors, biotic factors and history?
This is the first way of feeding that eukaryotes can do and prokaryotes cannot.
What is ingestion?
This animal does not have true tissues.
What are porifera?
The fruiting body of a fungus is made of densely packed ______, which are _____ cell(s) thick and the network of which is called a _______.
What is: hyphae, 1 cell, mycelium
Define an adaptive radiation.
What is a rapid evolution of several species from a common ancestor?
Name the requirements to be classified as alive.
1) Acquire and Use Energy
2) Made of Cells
3) Process information
4) Are capable of reproduction
5) Product of evolution
This is what it is called when a species changes very little over a large amount of time.
What is stasis?
Cniderians have this type of embryonic tissue.
What is diploblastic?
This is the difference between ascomycota and basidiomycota.
What is:
Ascomycota: 8 spore groups in a sac-like asci, contained in an ascocarp, no gills on the underside
Basidiomycota: 4 spores in a club-like structure called basidium, gills on underside
This is a trait that is considered 'ground zero' and who you can always find it in.
What is an ancestral trait and an outgroup.
This is what is desired when creating an accurate phylogenetic tree.
What is parsimony?
Name 3 organelles and their purposes.
What are
Mitochondria, generate ATP
Nucleus, hold genetic information, produce ribosomes
Chloroplasts, do photosynthesis
Cell wall, provide rigidity and protection
Cell membrane, contain all organelles and allow molecule transport
And many more!
Name 2 traits unique to Echinoderms.
This is the definition of pollen and which phylum developed it first.
What is a male gametophyte in heterosporous plants, and what are gymnosperms?
In fungi, sexual reproduction is done by _____, where the cytoplasm of two cells of different fungi mix, and _____, where the two nuclei fuse.
What is plasmogamy and karyogamy?
Name 3 types of symbioses, how they affect the organisms involved and explain how these may affect a species' fundamental vs. realized niche.
What are: Consumption, positive for one side negative for the other. The organism being consumed may avoid areas the predator lives in, making their fundamental niche smaller than their realized niche.
Mutualism: Positive for both sides. Both species may occupy the same area, so it may decrease the realized niche depending on if it is obligate or facultative mutualism.
Competition: Negative for both sides. Would decrease the realized niche for both species.
Order these events in chronological order:
Land plants
Multicellular life
Animal Life
Eukaryotic Morphology
Prokaryotic life
Aquatic life
What is:
Age of the Earth
Prokaryotic life/Aquatic
Eukaryotic life
Multicellular/Animal life
Land plants
Name the Lophotrochazoans and Ecdysozoans and 1 example of each.
What are:
1) Annelida, earthworms, leeches
2) Molluska, squids, snails
3) Platyhelminthes, flatworms
1) Arthropoda, crustaceans, insects
2) Nematoda, nematodes
Name 5 differences between liverworts and algae.
What are: alternation of generations, cuticle, pores, embryo retention, terrestrial living
Describe 2 arguments for why viruses are not alive, and 2 for that they are.
What are:
1) They don't have cells
2) They don't acquire and use energy
1) They have genetic material
2) They are capable of reproduction