Intro to Plants
These are the two main groups of seed plants.
What are angiosperms and gymnosperms?
This plant cell provides flexible support.
What are collenchyma cells?
The light reactions occur in these membranes inside the chloroplast.
This pathway minimizes photorespiration by fixing CO2 into a 4C compound in mesophyll cells.
What is the C4 pathway?
The Calvin Cycle occurs in this part of the chloroplast.
What is the stroma?
Plants are classified as this type of autotroph because they use light as their energy source.
What are photoautotrophs?
These extensions of root epidermal cells increase surface area for absorption.
What are root hairs?
The electron carrier that becomes reduced during the light reactions.
What is NADP+?
In C4 plants, this enzyme fixes CO2 instead of Rubisco.
What is PEP carboxylase?
For every 3 CO2 molecules fixed, this many G3P molecules are produced.
What is 1 G3P molecule?
This process converts sunlight energy into chemical energy stored in sugars.
What is photosynthesis?
This type of tissue covers and protects the plant body.
What is the dermal tissue?
This photosystem is responsible for splitting water and releasing oxygen.
What is Photosystem II?
These plants separate carbon fixation & the Calvin cycle by time.
What are CAM plants?
This enzyme catalyzes the fixation of CO2 to RuBP and is the arguably the most important enzyme in the world.
What is Rubisco?
The basic plant organs.
What are roots, stems, and leaves?
This type of growth occurs at the tips of roots and shoots, increasing plant length.
What is primary growth?
Name the 3 reactants and 2 products of photosynthesis.
What are
6 CO2 + 6 H2O + light --> C6H12O6 + 6O2?
During cyclic electron flow, electrons travel from ferrodoxin back to this complex, allowing the chloroplast to produce additional ATP without making NADPH or O2.
What is the Cytochrome complex?
The ATP and NADPH used in the Calvin cycle come from this set of reactions.
What are the light reactions?
The evolutionary innovation that freed seed plants from needing water for fertilization.
What is the pollen grain?
What is phloem?
The difference in H+ concentration across this structure drives ATP synthesis in the light reactions.
What is the thylakoid membrane?
C4 and CAM plants rely on this photosynthetic pathway to generate extra ATP needed for PEP regeneration without producing additional NADPH.
What is cyclic electron flow around Photosystem I?
The Calvin cycle regenerates this 5-carbon molecule, enabling the process to continue.
What is RuBP (ribulose bisphosphate)?