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compounds consisting mostly of carbon atoms, always bonded to hydrogen and oxygen.
organic compounds
a glucose-based polymer made of many sugars bonded together
polysaccharide
the curve formed by water in a glass test tube
adhesion
C6H12O6
compound
bonds between water molecules
hydrogen bond
measure of free hydrogen and hydroxyl ions in a solution, tells us how acidic or basic something is
pH
energy stored in the bonds of molecules that can be released when that bond is broken
potential energy
the directionality of a DNA molecule
antiparallel
bonds that join monomers together
covalent bond
glucose + glucose --> maltose + water
dehydration synthesis
unique molecule consisting of a polar head and nonpolar tails
phospholipid
the amount of thermal energy needed to increase the temperature of a specific substance by one degree C
specific heat
adenosine triphosphate
atp
Oxygen only needs two more valence electrons
electronegativity
maltose + water --> glucose + glucose
hydrolysis
molecule with an uneven distribution of electrons, resulting in one side being positive, and the other is negative
polar molecule
a measure of the kinetic energy of a substance
thermal energy
1/1000 of a kilocalorie
calorie
aldehyde
functional group
bond between sodium and chlorine to form sodium chloride
ionic bond
a large molecule made of many repeating subunits
polymer
the number of electrons in the outer shell of an atom
valence electrons
surface tension of a body of water
cohesion
found in oil and natural gas (ex: butane)
hydrocarbon
Carbon-14
isotope