Micro Basics
This field is the study of organisms including bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and algae.
Microbiology
This type of cell does not contain a membrane-bound nucleus.
Prokaryote
This term refers to the scientific classification and naming of organisms.
Taxonomy
This compound makes up the largest percentage of a typical cell.
Water
The movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration is called this.
Diffusion
This scientific method step involves making a testable explanation or prediction based on observations.
What is a hypothesis?
These short, numerous bacterial appendages help cells attach to surfaces.
Fimbriae
This is the study of the evolutionary relationships between organisms.
Phylogeny
A nutrient required in relatively small amounts for cell structure and metabolism is called this.
Micronutrient
A microorganism has protein channels that allow for nutrients to enter the cell, moving from an area of high concentration to low concentration, in this process.
Facilitated diffusion
This outdated idea claimed that living organisms could arise from nonliving matter.
Spontaneous generation
This bacterial structure allows spirochetes to move by twisting and flexing.
Periplasmic flagella (axial filaments)
This is the highest taxonomic rank.
Domain
This type of organism must obtain organic compounds as its source of carbon.
Heterotroph
A bacterial cell uses a membrane protein and cellular energy to move nutrients from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration via this process.
Active transport
Using bacteria to produce yogurt and kefir is an example of this field of microbiology.
Biotechnology
The Gram stain distinguishes bacteria primarily because of differences in this cellular structure.
Cell wall
An organism has no nucleus, lacks peptidoglycan in its cell wall, and requires extremely high salt concentrations to grow. This domain is the most likely home for the organism.
Archaea
Phototrophs gain energy from this source.
Light (the sun)
In this kind of environment, the water concentration inside the cell is greater than that outside the cell, causing water to diffuse out of the cell.
Hypertonic
A scientist observes that a certain bacterium grows only when oxygen is absent. Designing an experiment to test this observation is an example of this major process used in science.
Scientific method
This protective structure allows certain bacteria to survive extreme conditions such as heat, drying, and lack of nutrients.
Endospore
A scientist compares the DNA sequences of two unknown bacteria and finds that their sequences are very similar. This evidence would suggest that the bacteria likely have this type of relationship.
Evolutionary relationship/common ancestry
Microorganisms that grow best at moderate temperatures, including most organisms that infect humans, are called this.
Mesophiles
A bacterial cell is placed in a solution with a higher concentration of solutes outside the cell than inside. Water moves out of the cell, causing the cytoplasm to shrink. This movement of water is an example of this process.
Osmosis