Inorganic v Organic
define organic as it relates to biology
of or relating to or derived from living organisms
three types of carbs
monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysacchrides
what elements make up lipids
C, H, and O
elements that makeup protein
C, H, O, N, S
role of DNA
long-term storage of information for cells
give one reason why carbon is important
ex. basis for all compounds found in organisms
made up of C, H, and O; has a ratio of H:O of 2:1
what types of molecules make up lipids
three fatty acids, glycerol (triglyceride)
how many amino acids are there and how many are essential
22; 11
name the types of DNA nitrogen bases
adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine
what is the name and formula for the simplest organic compound?
CH4 Methane
name three types of monosaccharides
galactose, fructose, glucose
two major characteristics of unsaturated fats
liquid at room temp; bent or twisted molecules
what substance do enzymes carry out a reaction on
substrate
in DNA, which nitrogen bases bond with which
adenine with thymine; cytosine and guanine
produce energy, store energy, biological signaling, etc.
where is glycogen typically stored within an animal
liver and muscle cells
are the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane, they have a hydrophilic head with hydrophobic tails
where is the place that the enzyme and the substrate react
active site
RNA function
carry genetic information to ribosomes
four major categories of organic molecules
carbs, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
explain the difference between dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis.
hydrolysis is the making of a compound involving the addition of water, and dehydration synthesis is the removal of water to form a compound.
how is trans fat made
they take unsaturated fats and artificially saturate them by adding hydrogen atoms.
5 different types of protein and their functions
antibodies-fight off pathogens
hemoglobin- carries oxygen in one's blood
structural protein- provide support in an organism
transport protein- carries molecules in and out of cells
function of ATP and what it stands for
adenosine triphosphate; energy source for cells which are inside the molecule's phosphate group