BIOMOLECULES
An organic compound or molecule that is made by living organisms.
What is a biomolecule?
The scientific study of life
Biology
When two atoms share electrons rather than transfer due to uneven sharing and similar electronegativity
What is a covalent bond?
Constructed by two monosaccharide monomers linked together by a dehydration reaction
What is a disaccharide?
A chemical that interferes with an enzyme's activity
What is an inhibitor?
Affects a molecules function by participating in chemical reactions.
What is a functional group?
The scientific explanation for the unity and diversity of life
What is evolution?
When two atoms transfer electrons rather than share due to perfect pairing
What is an ionic bond?
The most abundant organic compound on Earth, a major component to the tough walls that enclose plant cells
What is cellulose?
The specific reactant that an enzyme acts on
What is a substrate?
Sugars, starches, glycogen, and fibers
What are carbohydrates?
Single-celled, unicellular bacteria
What are prokaryotes?
The power of hydrogens determining the acidity or basicness of a solution
What is pH?
Macromolecules, polymers to thousands of monosaccharides linked together by dehydration reactions.
What are polysaccharides?
Regulating activity of enzymes or switching the genes that encode specific enzymes on or off
How does a cell control when and where its enzymes are active?
The only hydrophobic functional group consisting of a carbon bonded to three hydrogen atoms.
What is a a methyl group?
What are emergent properties?
Can make two bonds due to the 6 electrons in its valence shell
What is oxygen?
Made by the hydrogenation of unsaturated fats to saturated fats for longer shelf life
Non protein helpers that attribute its functions to aid enzymes
What is a cofactor?
Acidic group that consists of a carbon atom double bonded to an oxygen atom, and also bonded to a hydroxyl group.
Summarization of the 2 processes: Flow of energy and the cycling of matter
What is the dynamic of life?
These bonds moderatre temperature and are relatively weak
Links multiple amino acids together forming a chain of amino acids
What is a polypeptide?
When the cofactor is an organic molecule
What is a coenzyme?