Atoms
what is the building block of all matter?
atoms
what is an ionic bond?
bonding by transfer of electrons
what is hydrophilic?
water loving
what is the monomer of lipids?
fatty acids
what is the polymer of carbohydrates
which subatomic particles are in the nucleus?
protons and neutrons
what is a covalent bond?
bonding by sharing of electrons
why does ice float?
less dense than water
what atoms/elements are proteins made of?
C, H, O, N, S
name the monomer of nucleic acids
nucleotides
how many electrons can fill the first shell?
2
what is a polar covalent bond?
unequal sharing of electrons (creates positive and negative poles)
when water sticks to water
cohesion
what do phospholipids create/what is their function?
form cell/plasma membrane
proteins that speed up chemical reactions
enzymes
how many electrons can occupy every shell after the first?
8
what is a nonpolar covalent bond?
equal sharing of electrons
what property of water allows it to dissolve many substances?
universal/versatile solvent
building polymers by removing a water molecule
dehydration synthesis
breaking down polymers by adding a water molecule
hydrolysis
what are valence electrons?
electrons on the outermost shell
what type of bond does a water molecule have?
polar covalent
what is water sticking to other molecules?
adhesion
how do we get nucleic acids?
inherited from our parents
what is the primary function of carbohydrates?
short-term energy storage