Protein
_____________is an organic molecule composed of amino acids linked by peptide bonds
What is a Protein?
•composed of three subunits:
•one or more phosphate groups
•a pentose sugar: either deoxyribose or ribose
•a nitrogen-containing base: adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine, or uracil
What are Nucleotides?
_______________is a molecule composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
What is a Carbohydrate?
A ___________ is one of a highly diverse group of compounds made up mostly of hydrocarbons
What is a Lipid?
A ______________ compound has as its foundation a set of four hydrocarbon rings bonded to a variety of other atoms and molecules
What is a steroid?
An amino acid is a molecule composed of an _____ and a _________, together with a variable side chain
What is an Amino group and carboxyl Group?
•The bases for__________ are adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine.
______________is also a polymer of glucose, but it is stored in the tissues of animals, especially in the muscles and liver.
What is Glycogen?
In water, lipids do not form a true solution, but they may form an ____________, which is the term for a combination of solutions that do not mix well.
What is emulsion?
_____________ is an important component of bile, a compound that helps emulsify dietary fats.
What is Cholesterol?
Proteins are also components of many of the body’s functional chemicals such as, _________________, _____________, ______________, ______________.
What are enzymes, antibodies, neurotransmitters and growth hormones
______ contains__________, one phosphate group, and one nitrogen-containing base, but the bases are adenine, cytosine, guanine, and uracil.
What is RNA and Ribose ?
_______________ are formed via dehydration synthesis, and the bond linking them is referred to as a glycosidic bond. Give one example.
What are Disaccharides?
What is sucrose, lactose, maltose?
A ________________ is one of the most common dietary lipid groups and the type found most abundantly in body tissues
What is a triglyceride?
is a group of atoms linked by strong covalent bonds and tending to function in chemical reactions as a single unit
What is a functional group?
What are Primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary.
Bonds formed by dehydration synthesis between the pentose sugar of one nucleic acid monomer and the phosphate group of another form a “backbone,” from which the components’ nitrogen-containing bases protrude. These twist to form a shape known as a ________.
What is a Double Helix?
______________a polysaccharide made of glucose that is the primary component of the cell wall of green plants, is commonly referred to as “dietary fiber
What is Cellulose?
_____________ is a molecule that contains a bond between the glycerol component of a lipid and a _________ group
What is phospholipid and phosphate ?
Five functional groups are important in human physiology; these are the hydroxyl, carboxyl, amino, methyl, and phosphate groups
What is hydroxyl, carboxyl, amino, methyl, and phosphate?