Biomolecules
What is the function of nucleic acids?
Code for traits; heredity
The pH scale goes from 0 to number ________
14
Nucleic acids are macromolecules that are polymers made up of individual monomers known as _______________.
Nucleotides
Name the two types of Carbohydrates
Monosaccharides and polysaccharides
What is the function of lipids in a person's diet?
Long-term energy storage
Acids have more _________ions than bases do.
Hydrogen
A polymer is composed of what?
Monomers
How does an enzyme affect the energy level required to start a reaction?
Lowers it
Name one carbohydrate monomer and one polymer.
monomer- glucose
polymer- starch or cellulose
What is the function of enzymes?
Speed up chemical reactions that occur in cells.
Pure water has a pH of
7
More than _________ amino acids are found in nature.
20
What happens to an enzyme after it performs its "job" on a molecule?
Nothing; it ends up the same as when it started
What kind of carbohydrates function as long-term energy storage?
Glycogen in animals or plant starch
Detergent is a (acid or base?)
base
They control the rate of reactions, regulate cell processes and some form important structures, transport substances in and out of the cell, and fight disease. They are called:___________________
Proteins
What is the name of the place on an enzyme where its molecule binds?
Active site
What are the three parts of a nucleotide (monomer of DNA/RNA)?
Phosphate, Sugar, Nitrogenous base
Weak acids or bases can react with strong acids or bases to prevent sharp sudden changes in pH.
Buffers
a base is a compound that produces ________ ions
OH- or hydroxide ions
Identify the difference between ionic and covalent bonds
Ionic--give and take of electrons Covalent--sharing electrons
Name one factor that can affect how well an enzyme works
Temperature, pH (acid/base solution), and regulatory molecules