Biomolecules
Bonds and their function
Other
Vocabulary
Enzymes
100

What are the three main biomolecules?

Lipids, Proteins and Carbohydrates

100

If all bonds available to carbon are taken up by hydrogen, that molecule is said to be?

Saturated

100
Name two kinds of food that have saturated fat?
Butter, Lard, Meat fat
100
What is the difference between organic and inorganic molecules?
Organic--contains carbon Inorganic--does NOT contain carbon
100
What is the purpose of an enzyme?
To catalyze (speed up) a chemical reaction
200

Name the three monosaccharides.

Glucose, Galactose and Fructose

200

What is the function of fibre in a person's diet?

Cleaning out the bowels and water retention

200
Describe what lipids can do to damage blood vessels.
Fat builds up along blood vessels and causes blockage, which causes a blot clot. This can lead to heart attack or stroke.
200
A polymer is composed of what?
Monomers
200
How does an enzyme affect the energy level required to start a reaction?
Lowers it
300

Name the main components of lipds.

Glycerol and Fatty Acids

300

What is the bond called between amino acids?

Peptide bond

300

The sum of all anabolic and catabolic reactions is called?

Metabolism

300
What is dehydration synthesis?
Loss of water to build a molecule
300
What happens to an enzyme after it performs its "job" on a molecule?
Nothing; it ends up the same as when it started
400

What are the monomers of proteins, and how many are there?

Amino Acids 20

400

What kind of bond between carbohydrates is breakable by human beings?

Alpha glycosidic linkages

400

The building of larger molecule from smaller subunits is called?

Anabolic Reaction

400
Describe the polarity of a water molecule, and its effect on other water molecules.
Hydrogen atoms are slightly positive and Oxygen atoms are slightly negative; this causes hydrogen bonding which makes water cohesive.
400
What is the name of the place on an enzyme where its molecule binds?
Active site
500

A characteristic of all elements that plays a critical role in how they interact and bond with one another.

What is electronegativity?

500

The type of bond that cellulose contains?

Beta glycosidic linkages

500

The breaking down of a larger molecule into smaller subunits is called?

Catabolic Reaction

500
Identify the difference between ionic and covalent bonds
Ionic--give and take of electrons Covalent--sharing electrons
500
Name one factor that can affect how well an enzyme works
Temperature, pH (acid/base solution), Substrate concentration, Denatured enzyme
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