Biomolecules
Functions
Other
Vocabulary
Enzymes
100
What are the four main biomolecules?
Lipids, Proteins, Carbohydrates, Nucleic Acids
100
What is the function of nucleic acids?
Code for traits; heredity
100

These are the monomers of nucleic acids

nucleotides

100
What is the difference between organic and inorganic molecules?
Organic--contains carbon Inorganic--does NOT contain carbon
100
What is the purpose of an enzyme?
To catalyze (speed up) a chemical reaction
200

Which macromolecule is the main component of the cell membrane?

Lipids

200
What is the function of lipids in a person's diet?
Long-term energy storage
200

What are two nucleic acids?

DNA and RNA

200
A polymer is composed of what?
Monomers
200
How does an enzyme affect the energy level required to start a reaction?
Lowers it
300

Name one monomer and one polymer carbohydrate.

Monomers--glucose, fructose Polymers--starch, glycogen, cellulose

300

This is the process by which plants produce carbohydrates from sunlight

Photosynthesis

300

Which of the four biomolecules are present in an egg?

Lipids, Protein

300

Lipids are "insoluble". What does this mean?

They cannot be dissolved in water.
300
What happens to an enzyme after it performs its "job" on a molecule?
Nothing; it ends up the same as when it started
400

What are the monomers of proteins?

Amino Acids

400

An enzyme functions best when the pH is 14. What type of environment does it work best in?

Basic

400
Name two kinds of food that have saturated fat?
Butter, Lard, Meat fat
400
Describe the polarity of a water molecule, and its effect on other water molecules.
Hydrogen atoms are slightly positive and Oxygen atoms are slightly negative; this causes hydrogen bonding which makes water cohesive.
400

What happens when an enzyme is in unideal conditions?

It denatures - changes shape - cannot function

500
Steroids are chemical messengers in the body. Which Macromolecule are steroids?

Lipids

500

Some enzymes function best in an environment that has a pH of 3. Which type of environment is this?

Acidic

500
What is the process performed by mitochondria where carbohydrates are broken down to release energy?

Cellular Respiration

500
Identify the difference between ionic and covalent bonds
Ionic--give and take of electrons Covalent--sharing electrons
500

Name one factor that can affect how well an enzyme works

Temperature, pH (acid/base solution), Reactant concentration, enzyme concentration

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