Biomolecules
Functions
Other
Vocabulary
Enzymes
100
What are the four main biomolecules?
Lipids, Proteins, Carbohydrates, Nucleic Acids
100
What is the function of nucleic acids?
Code for traits; heredity
100

Enzymes ..... "ase"  or "ose"

"ase"

100
What is the difference between organic and inorganic molecules?
Organic--contains carbon Inorganic--does NOT contain carbon
100
What is the purpose of an enzyme?
To catalyze (speed up) a chemical reaction
200
Describe the two types of proteins
Structural--structural support Globular--enzymes, transport
200

What is the function of lipids in a person's diet?

Long-term energy storage

200

Define diffusion....

the movement of molecules from high concentration to low concentration

200
A polymer is composed of what?
Monomers
200
How does an enzyme affect the energy level required to start a reaction?
Lowers it
300
Name two monomers and one polymer of carbohydrates.
Monomers--glucose, fructose Polymers--starch, glycogen, cellulose
300
What is the function of structural proteins, and where are they usually found in the cell?
Structure; cell membrane
300

The smallest building block of a molecule.

Ex. proteins are broken into _________ called amino acids

monomer

300
What is dehydration synthesis?
Loss of water to build a molecule
300
What happens to an enzyme after it performs its "job" on a molecule?
Nothing; it ends up the same as when it started
400
What are the monomers of proteins, and how many are there?
Amino Acids 20
400

Provide 1 example of Carbohydrates function in the body.

quick energy

400
What does Benedict's solution test for and what color indicates a positive reaction?
Simple sugars (mono- and di-saccharides); any color besides blue
400

Active Transport that brings molecules INTO the cell.

Endocytosis

400
What is the name of the place on an enzyme where its molecule binds?
Active site
500
What are the three parts of a nucleotide (monomer of DNA/RNA)?
Phosphate, Sugar, Nitrogenous base
500

What is waters role in Hydrolysis?

It is added to break apart larger more complex molecules.  Ex. starch

DIGESTION

500
What solution is used to test for Complex sugars, and what color indicates a positive result?
Lugol's solution; black/brown
500

A process that destroys enzyme function by changing, altering its "shape"....

Denaturation

500
Name one factor that can affect how well an enzyme works
Temperature, pH (acid/base solution), Substrate concentration, Denatured enzyme
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